yào​zhài

collect debt

yào, yāo want

Original meaning: waist

Pictograph of two hands grabbing a woman's () waist. The current meaning "want" is a phonetic loan. The original meaning "waist" is now written as .

Components

Iconic component
characterless component

Depicts two hands grabbing a waist.

Change in meaning
hints at the original meaning of , "waist", which is no longer the most common meaning of in modern Mandarin.
Iconic component
nǚ, nü woman

Character Evolution

Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Qin 221-206 BC
Clerical form
Clerical Qin 221-206 BC
Clerical form
Clerical Qin 221-206 BC
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Regular Modern

Component uses

Sound (2 of 3 verified)

Remnant (1)

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-Sagart'jiewH[q]ew(k)-s important

說文解字

《說文》:“要,身中也,象人要自之形。从,交省聲。”

Sources

Character origin
季旭昇《說文新證》p.183
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica

zhài debt Simplified

A person's  duty  also provides the pronunciation

Components

Meaning component
rén person
SoundMeaning component
responsibility

Sources

Readings & variants
Unicode

zhài debt Traditional

A person's  duty  also provides the pronunciation

Components

Meaning component
rén person
SoundMeaning component
responsibility

Character Evolution

Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-SagarttsrɛHs-tˤrek-sdebt
Zhengzhangʔsreːɡs
ʔsreːɡ
Unicodejrɛi

說文解字

債負也。从人、責,責亦聲。

Sources

Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-SagartZhengzhang Shangfang
Historical images
Academia Sinica