- 言 verbadverbto sayto speak; to talk; to state or tell
- 之 pronounitUsed only in the object position to refer to a person or thing already mentioned, meaning "him", "her", "it", or "them".
- 不 adverbnotNegative adverb used before verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs to indicate negation; also used as a bound-form prefix to form terms with opposite meanings
- 预 預 adverbverbprior(bound form) beforehand; in advance; prior (used as an adjective or adverb before a verb)