(literary) A title given to a person of high achievement after their death by relatives or students rather than by a ruler or monarch.

(literary) an honorary name given to a person after their death based on their life's achievements; used for emperors, officials, and scholars

(literary) The traditional system of conferring posthumous titles based on a person's life and achievements; established in the Zhou Dynasty and continued until the late Qing Dynasty.

to grant a posthumous honorary title or name to a person or historical figure; specifically used by a royal court to honor the deceased