to curse or imprecate; originally to call upon spirits to bring harm to someone, now more generally used to mean swearing at or reviling someone

to curse or revile someone with malicious words; to swear at

to curse and berate; to abuse with foul language

A series of stone inscriptions from the late Warring States period (variously attributed to King Huiwen or King Zhaoxiang of Qin) in which the King of Qin prayed to the gods for victory while cursing the State of Chu; discovered during the Song Dynasty and significant for their early Seal Script calligraphy

(literary) a solemn vow or oath

To pray to the gods to bring down divine wrath or misfortune upon an enemy; to cast a curse.