- 仿译词 fǎngyìcí loan translationA translation that follows the meaning of a foreign word rather than its sound; also called a [[直译词|直譯詞|zhi2 yi4 ci2]]
- 借译词 jièyìcí calqueA word or phrase borrowed from another language by literal, word-for-word translation
- 直译词 zhíyìcí calqueword created by literal translation from a foreign language