to explain; to illustrate; to clarify a point or reasoning

Used between a verb and its result to show that the action cannot achieve that result; used as the negative form of the 得 de potential construction

Used after a verb to indicate crossing a space, winning a competition, or exceeding a limit; often used with 得 de or 不 bù to show potential

Used after a verb to indicate movement away from the speaker, or used after certain verbs to indicate detachment or separation