- 凸透镜 tūtòujìng convex lensA lens that is thicker in the center than at the edges; it converges light rays to a focal point and is commonly used as a magnifying glass or in optical instruments.
- 凹透镜 āotòujìng concave lensA lens that is thinner at the center than at the edges; it causes light rays to diverge and is commonly used in eyeglasses for nearsightedness. Also called a [[发散透镜|發散透鏡|fa1 san4 tou4 jing4]].
- 薄透镜 báotòujìng thin lensthin lens in optics where thickness is neglected
- 菲涅耳透镜 fēiniè'ěrtòujìng Fresnel lensa thin, flat lens consisting of a series of concentric steps used to focus light
- 弯月形透镜 wānyuèxíngtòujìng meniscus lens
- 发散透镜 fāsàntòujìng diverging lensa lens that causes parallel light rays to spread out after passing through, typically a concave lens
- 会聚透镜 huìjùtòujìng converging lensA lens that is thicker in the middle than at the edges, causing parallel light rays to bend toward a single point; also known as a [[凸透镜|凸透鏡|tu1 tou4 jing4]] or [[火镜|火鏡|huo3 jing4]].
- 矫正透镜 jiǎozhèngtòujìng corrective lensa lens used to correct or improve vision, such as in eyeglasses or contact lenses
