Used in the transliteration of foreign names; also used as an abbreviation for countries like 阿富汗 ā​fù​hàn or 阿尔及利亚 ā'ěr​jí​lì​yà.

(bound form) suffix used after certain adjectives or adverbs to describe the state or manner of an action

a pit; a hole in the ground; a depression

tower; pagoda; Buddhist stupa; pylon; structures shaped like a tower

to pull; to draw; to tug; to drag; to haul or move something toward oneself