- Li JiThe concubine and later wife of Duke Xian of the state of Jin during the Spring and Autumn period; she is known for instigating the Li Ji Unrest by framing the crown prince to ensure her own son would inherit the throne.
- 之 particle[possessive]Connects a describing word or phrase to the noun it describes, similar to 的 but used in formal or literary writing.
- 乱 亂 nounverbupheavaldisorder; upheaval; riot; war or political unrest