citron daylily; a perennial plant with narrow leaves and yellow-orange flowers that are often eaten dried and used in Chinese cuisine; also known as [[金针菜|金針菜|jin1 zhen1 cai4]]

Chrysanthemum Hill in Guangzhou; the site of a failed revolutionary uprising on April 27, 1911

yellow croaker; corvina; specifically refers to the small yellow croaker

something that has become a thing of the past and is no longer of interest; obsolete. This idiom literally refers to chrysanthemums the day after the Double Ninth Festival, when they are no longer in their prime.

(colloquial) a maiden or young woman who has never been married or had sexual relations; also written as [[黄花女儿|黃花女兒|huang2 hua1 nu:3 r5]]

chrysanthemums that bloom or remain in the late cold of winter

(literary) an unmarried young woman; a maiden or virgin

a virgin girl or young woman

die a heroic death for a noble cause, specifically used to praise the 72 martyrs of the 1911 Guangzhou Uprising buried at Huanghuagang

The 72 martyrs who died during the failed uprising in Guangzhou on April 27, 1911 (also known as the March 29th Uprising) against the Qing dynasty.

A young man who has never been married.

A young girl; a virgin.

the wood of the yellow rosewood tree, a valuable hardwood used for high-quality furniture

literally meaning "the daylily dishes have already gone cold"; used to describe someone who has arrived so late that they have missed the main event or missed a crucial opportunity.

Huanghuagang uprising of April 23rd 1911 in Guangzhou, one of a long series of unsuccessful revolts led by Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary party against the Qing dynasty

Perennial herb with yellow flowers and white milky sap, whose mature seeds form a white fluffy ball that spreads in the wind; used in traditional medicine. Same as [[蒲公英|蒲公英|pu2 gong1 ying1]].

a young woman who has never had sexual intercourse; maiden