hēi​zhuān​yáo

illegal kiln

hēi black

Original meaning: tattoo the face for a crime committed

Pictograph of a person whose face has been tattooed, now written as . In ancient China criminals were punished by having their faces permanently marked. Later writers reanalyzed the character as a chimney being blackened by fire, so the bottom component was written to look like (flame).

Character Evolution

Oracle form
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Early Western Zhou ~1000 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Early Spring and Autumn ~700 BC
Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Qin 221-206 BC
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Regular Modern

Component uses

Meaning (3 of 14 verified)

Sound (3 of 5 verified)

Iconic (2)

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-Sagartxokm̥ˤək (dialect *m̥ˤ- > xˤ-)black

說文解字

《說文》:“黑,火所熏之色也。从炎上出囦。囦古字。”

Sources

Character origin
季旭昇《說文新證》p.760漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica

zhuān tile Simplified

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound. Simplified form of .

Components

Meaning component
shí stone
Sound component
zhuān monopolize

Sources

Readings & variants
Unicode

yáo kiln Simplified

An oven  where pots  are fired;  also provides the pronunciation

Components

Meaning component
xué, jué cave
SoundMeaning component
fǒu pottery

Sources

Readings & variants
Unicode

zhuān tile Traditional

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

Components

Meaning component
shí stone
Sound component
zhuān monopolize

Historical Pronunciations

Old Chinese
Zhengzhangtjon

Sources

Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Zhengzhang Shangfang

yáo kiln Traditional

An oven  where lamb  is cooked;  also provides the pronunciation

Components

Meaning component
xué, jué cave
SoundMeaning component
gāo lamb

Character Evolution

Seal form
Seal Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Old Chinese
Zhengzhangluː

說文解字

燒瓦竈也。从穴羔聲。

Sources

Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Zhengzhang Shangfang
Historical images
Academia Sinica