{"type":"character","character":{"character":"公","codepoint":"U+516C","gloss":"public","iconicGloss":null,"hint":"Pictograph of a earthen jar for holding liquid, now written as 瓮. The current meaning \"public\" is a phonetic loan.","originalMeaning":"earthen jar","strokeCountSimp":4,"strokeCountTrad":4,"isVerified":true,"components":[{"hint":"Depicts handles of a jar.","type":["iconic"],"character":"八","pinyin":["bā"],"gloss":"eight","iconicGloss":null},{"hint":"Depicts the opening of a jar.","type":["iconic"],"character":"口","isGlyphChanged":true,"pinyin":["kǒu","kou"],"gloss":"mouth","iconicGloss":null}],"customSources":["季旭昇《說文新證》p.86-87"],"simplifiedVariants":null,"traditionalVariants":null,"variantOf":null,"junDaRank":115,"junDaFrequency":318626,"junDaPerMillion":1646.61180317196,"subtlexRank":211,"subtlexCount":39292,"subtlexPerMillion":838.84,"subtlexContextDiversity":5751,"hsk2Level":2,"hsk3Level":2,"strokeDataSimp":{"source":"dong","medians":[[[314,654],[347,614],[296,512],[215,404],[128,322],[68,282]],[[473,790],[518,770],[544,742],[671,540],[756,445],[783,424],[803,418],[874,400],[982,383]],[[423,420],[446,395],[457,378],[455,372],[389,250],[316,147],[303,108],[347,103],[439,127],[608,159],[639,151]],[[582,276],[662,191],[706,132],[724,81],[723,57]]],"strokes":["M 304 649 Q 322 577 199 422 Q 193 418 189 411 Q 152 368 61 284 Q 52 280 64 276 Q 140 291 252 412 Q 256 419 264 426 Q 307 477 374 581 Q 383 594 389 601 Q 396 607 395 617 Q 394 627 380 640 Q 344 670 310 665 Q 301 662 304 649 Z","M 467 783 Q 527 747 562 678 Q 662 477 753 386 Q 775 370 886 372 Q 919 375 966 376 Q 987 377 987 383 Q 987 387 968 395 Q 794 459 735 515 Q 656 594 554 760 Q 533 794 495 799 Q 467 802 465 795 Q 461 786 467 783 Z","M 629 177 Q 500 164 362 133 Q 347 129 343 133 Q 340 137 347 150 Q 477 334 505 364 Q 520 376 512 391 Q 505 406 448 432 Q 429 442 417 436 Q 401 429 409 405 Q 430 333 302 171 Q 277 146 238 118 Q 222 103 226 91 Q 232 70 262 47 Q 275 34 291 47 Q 357 93 633 146 Q 640 147 647 150 C 676 157 659 180 629 177 Z","M 647 150 Q 707 54 718 48 Q 727 45 738 54 Q 754 66 750 118 Q 750 181 585 289 Q 576 296 571 284 Q 567 269 576 255 Q 601 221 629 177 L 647 150 Z"]},"strokeDataTrad":{"source":"animcjk","medians":[[[311,658],[349,613],[293,509],[178,369],[67,284]],[[472,789],[537,750],[756,444],[979,382]],[[415,431],[460,364],[280,118],[288,95],[309,85],[646,161]],[[576,282],[681,168],[733,54]]],"strokes":["M304,649C330,536 121,339 79,301C48,278 61,268 92,284C222,351 304,473 374,581C389,606 409,614 380,640C356,662 332,670 310,665C303,664 301,659 304,649Z","M467,783C506,760 537,725 562,678C635,539 725,403 753,386C768,377 812,370 886,372C908,373 934,375 966,376C1005,378 979,391 968,395C851,439 772,478 735,515C680,568 621,650 554,760C539,783 519,796 495,799C475,802 466,800 465,795C462,789 462,786 467,783Z","M629,177C573,174 433,150 362,133C345,130 334,132 347,150C432,274 485,345 505,364C514,373 517,381 512,391C507,401 484,415 448,432C426,443 398,443 409,405C422,358 389,278 302,171C287,153 263,138 238,118C226,109 223,101 226,91C230,79 241,64 262,47C270,40 279,39 291,47C334,79 478,112 647,150C658,152 640,177 629,177Z","M647,150C688,89 709,52 718,48C722,47 752,38 750,118C748,161 693,217 585,289C577,294 573,293 571,284C567,275 569,266 576,255C592,233 609,207 629,177C641,159 641,159 647,150Z"]},"fragmentsSimp":[[0,1],[2,3]],"fragmentsTrad":null,"historicalImages":[{"era":"(~1250-1000 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%85%AC_0.png","type":"Oracle","source":"academia-sinica","description":"甲2546(甲)"},{"era":"Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%85%AC_1.png","type":"Bronze","source":"academia-sinica","description":"沈子它簋蓋(金)西周早期"},{"era":"Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%85%AC_2.png","type":"Bronze","source":"academia-sinica","description":"毛公鼎(金)西周晚期"},{"era":"Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%85%AC_3.png","type":"Bronze","source":"academia-sinica","description":"虢文公子乍殳鼎(金)西周晚期"},{"era":"Early Spring and Autumn (~700 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%85%AC_4.png","type":"Bronze","source":"academia-sinica","description":"𩵦公子簋(金)春秋早期"},{"era":"Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%85%AC_5.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"包2.12(楚)"},{"era":"Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%85%AC_6.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"曾198(楚)"},{"era":"Shuowen (~100 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%85%AC_7.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"說文‧八部"},{"era":"Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%85%AC_8.png","type":"Clerical","source":"academia-sinica","description":"睡虎地簡25.39(隸)秦"},{"era":"Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%85%AC_9.png","type":"Clerical","source":"academia-sinica","description":"老子甲13(隸)西漢"},{"era":"Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%85%AC_10.png","type":"Clerical","source":"academia-sinica","description":"流沙簡.簡牘2.15(隸)西漢"},{"era":"Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%85%AC_11.png","type":"Clerical","source":"academia-sinica","description":"熹.易.鼎(隸)東漢"},{"era":"Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%85%AC_12.png","type":"Clerical","source":"academia-sinica","description":"魯峻碑陰(隸)東漢"}],"historicalPronunciations":[{"gloss":"impartial, just; public","pinyin":"gōng","source":"baxter-sagart","oldChinese":"*C.qˤoŋ ","middleChinese":"kuwng"},{"gloss":"father; prince","pinyin":"gōng","source":"baxter-sagart","oldChinese":"*C.qˤoŋ ","middleChinese":"kuwng"}],"shuowenExplanation":"《說文》：“公，平分也。从八、从厶。八，猶背也。韓非曰：‘背厶為公’。”","shuowenPronunciation":"古紅切","shuowenPinyin":"gong","pinyinFrequencies":[{"count":1289,"pinyin":"gōng"}],"pinyin":["gōng"]},"componentUses":[{"type":"sound","characters":[{"character":"容","isVerified":true},{"character":"松","isVerified":true},{"character":"讼","isVerified":false},{"character":"翁","isVerified":false},{"character":"颂","isVerified":false},{"character":"瓮","isVerified":true},{"character":"蚣","isVerified":false},{"character":"衮","isVerified":true},{"character":"忪","isVerified":false},{"character":"袞","isVerified":true},{"character":"頌","isVerified":false},{"character":"訟","isVerified":false},{"character":"鈆","isVerified":false},{"character":"彸","isVerified":false}],"verifiedCount":5}],"commonWords":[{"simplified":"公司","traditional":"公司","pinyin":"gong1 si1","gloss":"company","definition":"company; firm; corporation","perMillion":980.632749322103},{"simplified":"办公室","traditional":"辦公室","pinyin":"ban4 gong1 shi4","gloss":"office","definition":"office; business premises","perMillion":175.34},{"simplified":"公","traditional":"公","pinyin":"gong1","gloss":"public","definition":"public, collectively owned, common, or international (e.g. the metric system or calendar)","perMillion":158.655609332267},{"simplified":"公布","traditional":"公布","pinyin":"gong1 bu4","gloss":"announce","definition":"to announce, make public, or publish","perMillion":129.128127443304},{"simplified":"公开","traditional":"公開","pinyin":"gong1 kai1","gloss":"public","definition":"open, overt, or not kept secret; occurring in public view","perMillion":108.049390945547},{"simplified":"公里","traditional":"公里","pinyin":"gong1 li3","gloss":"kilometer","definition":"kilometer","perMillion":103.472991617981},{"simplified":"有限公司","traditional":"有限公司","pinyin":"you3 xian4 gong1 si1","gloss":"limited company","definition":"a business entity whose owners' liability is limited to their investment; a corporation","perMillion":92.5114091701295},{"simplified":"公寓","traditional":"公寓","pinyin":"gong1 yu4","gloss":"apartment","definition":"An apartment building or block of flats (may be public housing or a condominium).","perMillion":80.66},{"simplified":"公共","traditional":"公共","pinyin":"gong1 gong4","gloss":"public","definition":"public; common; communal","perMillion":70.3017047935217},{"simplified":"公平","traditional":"公平","pinyin":"gong1 ping2","gloss":"fair","definition":"treating all people equally and without favoritism or discrimination; impartial","perMillion":69.63},{"simplified":"公告","traditional":"公告","pinyin":"gong1 gao4","gloss":"announcement","definition":"a formal public statement or official notice","perMillion":68.2717093348214},{"simplified":"公园","traditional":"公園","pinyin":"gong1 yuan2","gloss":"park","definition":"park (for public recreation)","perMillion":65.76},{"simplified":"公路","traditional":"公路","pinyin":"gong1 lu4","gloss":"highway","definition":"A public road for motor vehicles, typically connecting cities or towns.","perMillion":56.1520187533013},{"simplified":"老公","traditional":"老公","pinyin":"lao3 gong1","gloss":"husband","definition":"(coll.) husband","perMillion":54.7781163822053},{"simplified":"公斤","traditional":"公斤","pinyin":"gong1 jin1","gloss":"kilogram","definition":"kilogram (kg)","perMillion":51.8283265341962},{"simplified":"公众","traditional":"公眾","pinyin":"gong1 zhong4","gloss":"public","definition":"public","perMillion":49.8610564002316},{"simplified":"公民","traditional":"公民","pinyin":"gong1 min2","gloss":"citizen","definition":"citizen","perMillion":46.4863170829501},{"simplified":"公主","traditional":"公主","pinyin":"gong1 zhu3","gloss":"princess","definition":"princess","perMillion":36.34},{"simplified":"公安","traditional":"公安","pinyin":"gong1 an1","gloss":"police","definition":"the public security organs, the Ministry of Public Security, or their personnel","perMillion":35.3975844001985},{"simplified":"办公","traditional":"辦公","pinyin":"ban4 gong1","gloss":"work","definition":"to handle official business or do office work","perMillion":31.3465163062997},{"simplified":"高速公路","traditional":"高速公路","pinyin":"gao1 su4 gong1 lu4","gloss":"expressway","definition":"expressway; highway; freeway","perMillion":30.5437277513625},{"simplified":"公正","traditional":"公正","pinyin":"gong1 zheng4","gloss":"fair","definition":"just; fair; equitable","perMillion":27.2056357448919},{"simplified":"保险公司","traditional":"保險公司","pinyin":"bao3 xian3 gong1 si1","gloss":"insurance company","definition":"a business organization that provides coverage in the form of compensation resulting from loss, damages, injury, treatment, or hardship in exchange for premium payments.","perMillion":27.0337120563486},{"simplified":"股份有限公司","traditional":"股份有限公司","pinyin":"gu3 fen4 you3 xian4 gong1 si1","gloss":"corporation","definition":"joint-stock limited company; a business entity where capital is divided into shares and liability is limited","perMillion":26.5248986685683},{"simplified":"公务员","traditional":"公務員","pinyin":"gong1 wu4 yuan2","gloss":"civil servant","definition":"civil servant; public servant","perMillion":26.0353118409527},{"simplified":"公益","traditional":"公益","pinyin":"gong1 yi4","gloss":"public welfare","definition":"public good; public welfare; public interest","perMillion":25.9853334069337},{"simplified":"公安机关","traditional":"公安機關","pinyin":"gong1 an1 ji1 guan1","gloss":"police authorities","definition":"public security bureau","perMillion":23.1897278245537},{"simplified":"公社","traditional":"公社","pinyin":"gong1 she4","gloss":"commune","definition":"commune","perMillion":21.2668062478748},{"simplified":"公开赛","traditional":"公開賽","pinyin":"gong1 kai1 sai4","gloss":"open championship","definition":"(sports) open championship; open (as in \"the US Open\")","perMillion":16.7745895110842},{"simplified":"公积金","traditional":"公積金","pinyin":"gong1 ji1 jin1","gloss":"provident fund","definition":"a fund accumulated for specific purposes, most commonly for housing or social security","perMillion":16.6531222649617},{"simplified":"平方公里","traditional":"平方公里","pinyin":"ping2 fang1 gong1 li3","gloss":"square kilometer","definition":"square kilometer","perMillion":16.0199204686031},{"simplified":"航空公司","traditional":"航空公司","pinyin":"hang2 kong1 gong1 si1","gloss":"airline","definition":"airline","perMillion":15.6422938311169},{"simplified":"子公司","traditional":"子公司","pinyin":"zi3 gong1 si1","gloss":"subsidiary","definition":"a company that is owned or controlled by another company, known as the parent or holding company","perMillion":15.5250755485667},{"simplified":"公安局","traditional":"公安局","pinyin":"gong1 an1 ju2","gloss":"police bureau","definition":"public security bureau (government office similar in function to a police station)","perMillion":13.7067846998551},{"simplified":"公子","traditional":"公子","pinyin":"gong1 zi3","gloss":"noble son","definition":"the son of an official or a member of the nobility in historical contexts","perMillion":13.6496892518526},{"simplified":"公车","traditional":"公車","pinyin":"gong1 che1","gloss":"bus","definition":"public bus or a bus belonging to an organization for communal transportation","perMillion":13.32},{"simplified":"公爵","traditional":"公爵","pinyin":"gong1 jue2","gloss":"duke","definition":"a male nobleman of the highest hereditary rank below a prince","perMillion":13.09},{"simplified":"公顷","traditional":"公頃","pinyin":"gong1 qing3","gloss":"hectare","definition":"hectare","perMillion":12.4711860930368},{"simplified":"公安部","traditional":"公安部","pinyin":"Gong1 an1 bu4","gloss":"Ministry of Public Security","definition":"Ministry of Public Security","perMillion":12.3031926957978},{"simplified":"证券公司","traditional":"證券公司","pinyin":"zheng4 quan4 gong1 si1","gloss":"brokerage","definition":"A financial institution that facilitates the buying and selling of securities such as stocks and bonds.","perMillion":12.2084939201807},{"simplified":"公约","traditional":"公約","pinyin":"gong1 yue1","gloss":"convention","definition":"convention (i.e. international agreement)","perMillion":12.0363577834588},{"simplified":"公式","traditional":"公式","pinyin":"gong1 shi4","gloss":"formula","definition":"formula","perMillion":11.7628307534934},{"simplified":"公务","traditional":"公務","pinyin":"gong1 wu4","gloss":"official business","definition":"official business","perMillion":11.7069037704733},{"simplified":"跨国公司","traditional":"跨國公司","pinyin":"kua4 guo2 gong1 si1","gloss":"multinational","definition":"A large business enterprise that operates in multiple countries.","perMillion":11.6892174596037},{"simplified":"公有制","traditional":"公有制","pinyin":"gong1 you3 zhi4","gloss":"public ownership","definition":"public ownership","perMillion":11.546027387218},{"simplified":"分公司","traditional":"分公司","pinyin":"fen1 gong1 si1","gloss":"branch","definition":"subsidiary company or branch office","perMillion":11.3665617883339},{"simplified":"公认","traditional":"公認","pinyin":"gong1 ren4","gloss":"recognized","definition":"universally acknowledged or accepted by the public","perMillion":11.2407924665945},{"simplified":"公元","traditional":"公元","pinyin":"gong1 yuan2","gloss":"CE","definition":"Common Era; the calendar system used internationally, equivalent to AD (Anno Domini)","perMillion":10.2951325115394},{"simplified":"公关","traditional":"公關","pinyin":"gong1 guan1","gloss":"public relations","definition":"public relations","perMillion":10.0694594338068},{"simplified":"公款","traditional":"公款","pinyin":"gong1 kuan3","gloss":"public funds","definition":"public money","perMillion":9.61588257246619}],"deletedComponentGlyphs":null,"wordData":{"simplified":"公","traditional":"公","senses":[{"id":417656,"simplified":"公","traditional":"公","pinyin":"gong1","gloss":"public","definition":"public, collectively owned, common, or international (e.g. the metric system or calendar)","example":"我们要做到一心为公，全心全意为人民服务。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["n","Ng"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":5,"sentenceCount":5,"exampleSentenceHtml":"我们要做到一心为公，全心全意为人民服务。"},{"id":417651,"simplified":"公","traditional":"公","pinyin":"gong1","gloss":"fair","definition":"fair, just, or impartial","example":"他办事向来极公，从来不偏袒任何人。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["a","Ag"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":3,"sentenceCount":3,"exampleSentenceHtml":"他办事向来极公，从来不偏袒任何人。"},{"id":417655,"simplified":"公","traditional":"公","pinyin":"gong1","gloss":"male","definition":"male (referring to animals)","example":"隔壁家养的那只小猫是公的。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["b"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":2,"sentenceCount":2,"exampleSentenceHtml":"隔壁家养的那只小猫是公的。"},{"id":417652,"simplified":"公","traditional":"公","pinyin":"gong1","gloss":"father-in-law","definition":"the father of one's husband","example":"她的公公婆婆对她非常照顾。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["n"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":2,"sentenceCount":1,"exampleSentenceHtml":"她的公公婆婆对她非常照顾。"},{"id":417650,"simplified":"公","traditional":"公","pinyin":"gong1","gloss":"duke","definition":"duke, the highest of the five orders of ancient Chinese nobility","example":"周公是中国古代著名的政治家。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["nr"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":1,"sentenceCount":1,"exampleSentenceHtml":"周公是中国古代著名的政治家。"},{"id":417653,"simplified":"公","traditional":"公","pinyin":"gong1","gloss":"honorable","definition":"a respectful term of address for a gentleman or senior","example":"诸公请听我一言。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["nr"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":1,"sentenceCount":1,"exampleSentenceHtml":"诸公请听我一言。"},{"id":417654,"simplified":"公","traditional":"公","pinyin":"gong1","gloss":"make public","definition":"to make public or reveal to the world","example":"他决定将这件丑闻公诸于世。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["l"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":0,"sentenceCount":0,"exampleSentenceHtml":"他决定将这件丑闻公诸于世。"}],"references":[],"frequency":{"subtlexPerMillion":13.92,"subtlexContextDiversityPct":5,"bccPerMillion":158.65560933226675,"hsk3Level":6}}}