{"type":"character","character":{"character":"前","codepoint":"U+524D","gloss":"in front","iconicGloss":null,"hint":"Phonosemantic compound. 歬 represents the sound, and 刂 represents the meaning. Based on the original meaning \"cut\", now written as 剪. The current meaning \"in front\" is a phonetic loan.","originalMeaning":"cut","strokeCountSimp":9,"strokeCountTrad":9,"isVerified":true,"components":[{"hint":"","type":["sound"],"character":"歬","isGlyphChanged":true,"pinyin":["qián"],"gloss":"go forward","iconicGloss":null},{"hint":null,"type":["meaning"],"character":"刂","isFromOriginalMeaning":true,"pinyin":["dāo"],"gloss":"knife","iconicGloss":null}],"customSources":["漢語多功能字庫|http://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/lexi-mf/search.php?word=%E5%89%8D","The Outlier Linguistics Dictionary of Chinese Characters|https://www.outlier-linguistics.com/?rfsn=4866535.66055e"],"simplifiedVariants":null,"traditionalVariants":null,"variantOf":null,"junDaRank":93,"junDaFrequency":381431,"junDaPerMillion":1971.17870699718,"subtlexRank":109,"subtlexCount":75236,"subtlexPerMillion":1606.2,"subtlexContextDiversity":6219,"hsk2Level":1,"hsk3Level":1,"strokeDataSimp":{"source":"dong","medians":[[[360,805],[428,756],[443,738],[454,710]],[[658,856],[678,835],[686,816],[645,767],[573,700]],[[110,599],[174,582],[486,632],[855,670],[895,665],[953,645]],[[252,496],[275,478],[284,456],[285,380],[273,238],[262,167],[245,109],[243,64]],[[311,466],[323,475],[434,505],[449,500],[469,477],[473,141],[466,94],[452,73],[365,112]],[[305,348],[318,359],[364,370],[408,366]],[[302,236],[314,252],[344,259],[381,260],[403,254]],[[581,473],[606,443],[602,199]],[[723,569],[756,527],[760,66],[749,39],[733,22],[684,44],[640,77]]],"strokes":["M 378 762 Q 438 698 453 697 Q 463 696 469 709 Q 475 722 468 752 Q 464 771 436 786 Q 373 816 356 811 Q 352 807 351 795 Q 354 785 378 762 Z","M 640 810 Q 622 779 570 707 Q 560 689 578 693 Q 596 705 686 766 Q 705 784 730 795 Q 752 807 739 825 Q 724 841 697 856 Q 672 869 658 866 Q 645 865 649 850 Q 653 831 640 810 Z","M 520 614 Q 578 618 633 625 Q 772 643 935 629 Q 959 628 965 636 Q 972 649 960 661 Q 891 724 816 698 Q 713 679 384 638 Q 333 632 300 627 Q 225 614 113 612 Q 100 612 98 601 Q 98 588 117 574 Q 133 561 165 550 Q 175 546 194 554 Q 212 561 290 575 Q 393 600 520 614 Z","M 303 368 Q 307 434 312 455 Q 312 458 312 459 C 314 477 314 477 305 485 Q 281 509 251 506 Q 238 502 243 491 Q 289 385 237 183 Q 213 123 214 114 Q 214 84 232 62 Q 238 49 248 54 Q 282 76 292 198 Q 293 216 294 231 L 296 263 Q 297 306 301 341 L 303 368 Z","M 312 459 Q 312 460 414 483 Q 430 487 436 480 Q 451 431 446 189 Q 442 116 437 108 L 376 117 Q 358 124 357 116 Q 402 74 428 42 Q 438 26 452 22 Q 459 18 467 27 Q 500 66 501 129 Q 480 429 500 469 Q 510 485 500 494 Q 482 510 451 523 Q 436 529 422 522 Q 376 497 305 485 C 276 479 283 451 312 459 Z","M 301 341 Q 304 341 308 341 Q 363 351 404 356 Q 426 360 417 373 Q 407 386 382 389 Q 343 392 303 368 C 277 353 271 341 301 341 Z","M 294 231 Q 354 238 399 244 Q 421 248 413 260 Q 403 275 377 279 Q 332 285 296 263 C 270 248 264 228 294 231 Z","M 569 464 Q 596 407 575 254 Q 566 226 593 194 Q 600 184 610 194 Q 629 222 627 262 Q 621 367 634 437 Q 640 458 622 467 Q 607 477 593 484 Q 583 488 573 483 Q 566 479 569 464 Z","M 692 64 Q 671 73 645 83 Q 633 87 633 81 Q 632 72 641 62 Q 695 4 729 -43 Q 739 -53 754 -37 Q 793 8 794 110 Q 778 338 788 507 Q 794 535 788 544 Q 778 557 740 577 Q 724 587 713 579 Q 703 570 715 549 Q 725 527 730 366 Q 733 93 728 71 Q 718 56 692 64 Z"]},"strokeDataTrad":{"source":"animcjk","medians":[[[359,802],[438,746],[456,704]],[[656,862],[688,803],[574,698]],[[106,599],[190,585],[840,668],[964,647]],[[248,498],[282,463],[282,363],[236,59]],[[307,473],[427,505],[471,479],[469,99],[444,65],[368,112]],[[303,350],[413,370]],[[293,239],[410,260]],[[576,480],[607,428],[598,196]],[[715,577],[755,530],[760,66],[722,5],[640,76]]],"strokes":["M378,762C418,720 443,698 453,697C459,697 465,701 469,709C473,718 472,732 468,752C465,765 454,777 436,786C394,807 366,816 356,811C352,810 350,803 351,795C351,789 362,778 378,762Z","M640,810C627,790 603,756 570,707C562,696 566,689 578,693C591,699 627,724 686,766C700,777 713,787 730,795C745,803 748,814 739,825C729,837 715,847 697,856C680,865 667,868 658,866C649,865 646,861 649,850C651,838 648,825 640,810Z","M520,614C659,629 811,639 935,629C950,628 961,631 965,636C970,645 968,654 960,661C914,704 867,711 816,698C748,681 603,666 384,638C291,627 192,614 113,612C104,612 98,609 98,601C97,593 104,584 117,574C143,555 166,548 194,554C298,580 418,604 520,614Z","M303,368C305,406 306,445 312,459C315,467 312,479 305,485C289,501 271,508 251,506C242,504 239,499 243,491C270,409 266,310 237,183C227,142 213,121 214,114C214,95 221,78 232,62C237,55 241,51 248,54C275,76 289,167 294,231C295,252 295,252 296,263C297,292 299,318 301,341C302,359 302,359 303,368Z","M312,459C312,460 346,468 414,483C424,486 433,486 436,480C447,449 450,351 446,189C444,141 443,110 437,108C423,105 407,110 390,114C360,121 348,120 371,100C395,80 420,50 446,26C454,19 461,21 467,27C489,53 503,88 501,129C489,330 485,443 500,469C505,481 506,489 500,494C488,505 471,515 451,523C441,528 431,527 422,522C391,506 352,493 305,485C296,483 304,456 312,459Z","M301,341Q304,341 308,341Q363,351 404,356Q426,360 417,373Q407,386 382,389Q343,392 303,368C295,363 292,341 301,341Z","M294,231Q354,238 399,244Q421,248 413,260Q403,275 377,279Q332,285 296,263C287,258 284,229 294,231Z","M569,464C585,426 591,356 575,254C571,235 575,216 593,194C598,188 604,187 610,194C623,212 628,236 627,262C623,333 624,391 634,437C636,452 633,461 622,467C611,473 602,480 593,484C586,487 579,487 573,483C568,481 565,474 569,464Z","M692,64C677,70 662,77 645,83C637,86 633,85 633,81C632,75 634,69 641,62C676,24 705,-12 729,-43C734,-50 744,-47 754,-37C780,-7 797,43 794,110C787,263 778,395 788,507C789,527 792,539 788,544C781,553 765,564 740,577C729,584 720,585 713,579C706,574 707,564 715,549C722,535 728,474 730,366C733,185 733,85 728,71C723,60 709,58 692,64Z"]},"fragmentsSimp":[[0,1,2,3,4,5,6],[7,8]],"fragmentsTrad":null,"historicalImages":[{"era":"Mid Western Zhou (~900 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%8D_0.png","type":"Bronze","source":"academia-sinica","description":"追簋蓋(金)西周中期"},{"era":"Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%8D_1.png","type":"Bronze","source":"academia-sinica","description":"兮仲鐘(金)西周晚期"},{"era":"Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%8D_2.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"包2.145(楚)"},{"era":"Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%8D_3.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"郭.尊.2(楚)"},{"era":"Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%8D_4.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"上(1).孔.6(楚)"},{"era":"Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%8D_5.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"包2.122(楚)"},{"era":"Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%8D_6.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"郭.窮.9(楚)"},{"era":"Shuowen (~100 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%8D_7.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"說文‧止部"},{"era":"Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%8D_8.png","type":"Clerical","source":"academia-sinica","description":"睡.法12(隸)秦"},{"era":"Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%89%8D_9.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"漢印西漢"}],"historicalPronunciations":[{"gloss":"before","pinyin":"qián","source":"baxter-sagart","oldChinese":"*[dz]ˤen (~ *m-dzˤen)","middleChinese":"dzen"}],"shuowenExplanation":"《說文》：“歬，不行而進謂之歬。从止在舟上。”","shuowenPronunciation":"昨先切","shuowenPinyin":"qian","pinyinFrequencies":[{"count":3617,"pinyin":"qián"}],"pinyin":["qián"]},"componentUses":[{"type":"sound","characters":[{"character":"箭","isVerified":true},{"character":"剪","isVerified":true},{"character":"煎","isVerified":false},{"character":"翦","isVerified":false},{"character":"湔","isVerified":false}],"verifiedCount":2}],"commonWords":[{"simplified":"前","traditional":"前","pinyin":"qian2","gloss":"before","definition":"prior to a specific point in time or event; indicating a time boundary","perMillion":987.39162878857},{"simplified":"目前","traditional":"目前","pinyin":"mu4 qian2","gloss":"currently","definition":"at the present time; currently","perMillion":663.882075176843},{"simplified":"之前","traditional":"之前","pinyin":"zhi1 qian2","gloss":"before","definition":"prior to a specific point in time or event; ago","perMillion":452.71},{"simplified":"以前","traditional":"以前","pinyin":"yi3 qian2","gloss":"formerly","definition":"in the past; previously","perMillion":369.37},{"simplified":"面前","traditional":"面前","pinyin":"mian4 qian2","gloss":"presence","definition":"in the presence or sight of someone, or facing a particular situation or authority","perMillion":97.3},{"simplified":"当前","traditional":"當前","pinyin":"dang1 qian2","gloss":"current","definition":"the present time; nowadays","perMillion":92.7222108753591},{"simplified":"提前","traditional":"提前","pinyin":"ti2 qian2","gloss":"beforehand","definition":"to do something ahead of time or in advance","perMillion":76.7143468408924},{"simplified":"前面","traditional":"前面","pinyin":"qian2 mian4","gloss":"ahead","definition":"located in front of or further forward in physical space","perMillion":64.33},{"simplified":"此前","traditional":"此前","pinyin":"ci3 qian2","gloss":"previously","definition":"before this, before then, or prior to a specific point in time","perMillion":63.4600236494402},{"simplified":"前往","traditional":"前往","pinyin":"qian2 wang3","gloss":"go to","definition":"To leave for, proceed towards, or go to a destination.","perMillion":57.6195576591213},{"simplified":"眼前","traditional":"眼前","pinyin":"yan3 qian2","gloss":"before one's eyes","definition":"right in front of one's eyes; in one's presence","perMillion":50.4468291407148},{"simplified":"前提","traditional":"前提","pinyin":"qian2 ti2","gloss":"precondition","definition":"A necessary requirement or condition that must be met before something else can happen or exist.","perMillion":41.6915210277687},{"simplified":"前后","traditional":"前後","pinyin":"qian2 hou4","gloss":"beginning to end","definition":"the entire duration or whole process from start to finish","perMillion":40.744586383642},{"simplified":"前景","traditional":"前景","pinyin":"qian2 jing3","gloss":"prospects","definition":"the future outlook or likelihood of success for a project, career, or situation","perMillion":40.3586742671899},{"simplified":"前进","traditional":"前進","pinyin":"qian2 jin4","gloss":"advance","definition":"to go forward or move in a physical direction","perMillion":39.38},{"simplified":"前来","traditional":"前來","pinyin":"qian2 lai2","gloss":"come","definition":"to come or arrive, typically used in formal or polite contexts","perMillion":38.9282606805826},{"simplified":"前期","traditional":"前期","pinyin":"qian2 qi1","gloss":"early stage","definition":"the initial phase or beginning period of a process, project, or historical era","perMillion":33.2134046758692},{"simplified":"向前","traditional":"向前","pinyin":"xiang4 qian2","gloss":"forward","definition":"moving toward the front or making progress toward the future","perMillion":26.3699177222695},{"simplified":"前锋","traditional":"前鋒","pinyin":"qian2 feng1","gloss":"forward","definition":"an attacking player in sports such as football or basketball","perMillion":24.0400516594557},{"simplified":"门前","traditional":"門前","pinyin":"men2 qian2","gloss":"before the door","definition":"in front of the door","perMillion":21.864051190003},{"simplified":"从前","traditional":"從前","pinyin":"cong2 qian2","gloss":"formerly","definition":"previously; in the past","perMillion":18.5994662533328},{"simplified":"前天","traditional":"前天","pinyin":"qian2 tian1","gloss":"day before yesterday","definition":"the day before yesterday","perMillion":18.590702765965},{"simplified":"前者","traditional":"前者","pinyin":"qian2 zhe3","gloss":"the former","definition":"The former (i.e. the one mentioned first)","perMillion":18.4742280520399},{"simplified":"前途","traditional":"前途","pinyin":"qian2 tu2","gloss":"prospects","definition":"future outlook or career prospects","perMillion":18.2057997783613},{"simplified":"年前","traditional":"年前","pinyin":"nian2 qian2","gloss":"years ago","definition":"referring to a point in time a certain number of years in the past","perMillion":17.827110899982},{"simplified":"上前","traditional":"上前","pinyin":"shang4 qian2","gloss":"step forward","definition":"to advance; to step forward","perMillion":17.734536606151},{"simplified":"前妻","traditional":"前妻","pinyin":"qian2 qi1","gloss":"ex-wife","definition":"a man's former wife from whom he is divorced","perMillion":17.5},{"simplified":"前方","traditional":"前方","pinyin":"qian2 fang1","gloss":"ahead","definition":"the area or direction directly in front of someone or something","perMillion":14.9194920154278},{"simplified":"在前","traditional":"在前","pinyin":"zai4 qian2","gloss":"ahead","definition":"located in front or in a forward position","perMillion":14.8322289260622},{"simplified":"不久前","traditional":"不久前","pinyin":"bu4 jiu3 qian2","gloss":"recently","definition":"not long ago","perMillion":14.5319334255914},{"simplified":"前线","traditional":"前線","pinyin":"qian2 xian4","gloss":"front line","definition":"the line of contact between opposing military forces or the area of active combat operations","perMillion":13.1883049199479},{"simplified":"前几天","traditional":"前幾天","pinyin":"qian2 ji3 tian1","gloss":"past few days","definition":"a few days ago or during the several days immediately preceding the present","perMillion":12.5230234486186},{"simplified":"往前","traditional":"往前","pinyin":"wang3 qian2","gloss":"forward","definition":"moving toward the front or ahead in space","perMillion":12.4001752893351},{"simplified":"前辈","traditional":"前輩","pinyin":"qian2 bei4","gloss":"senior","definition":"a person of an older generation or one who has more experience or higher status in a professional or social field","perMillion":12.1586748222957},{"simplified":"前所未有","traditional":"前所未有","pinyin":"qian2 suo3 wei4 you3","gloss":"unprecedented","definition":"unprecedented","perMillion":11.9195112852212},{"simplified":"前去","traditional":"前去","pinyin":"qian2 qu4","gloss":"go to","definition":"to go to a place or destination.","perMillion":11.9168556829885},{"simplified":"前夕","traditional":"前夕","pinyin":"qian2 xi1","gloss":"eve","definition":"the day before or the period immediately preceding a significant event","perMillion":11.6930415268188},{"simplified":"前不久","traditional":"前不久","pinyin":"qian2 bu4 jiu3","gloss":"recently","definition":"not long ago; in the recent past","perMillion":11.3765999647734},{"simplified":"先前","traditional":"先前","pinyin":"xian1 qian2","gloss":"previously","definition":"before; previously","perMillion":11.2812107325758},{"simplified":"空前","traditional":"空前","pinyin":"kong1 qian2","gloss":"unprecedented","definition":"unprecedented","perMillion":11.0144289322814},{"simplified":"前科","traditional":"前科","pinyin":"qian2 ke1","gloss":"criminal record","definition":"a legal record of a person's previous criminal convictions","perMillion":11},{"simplified":"前任","traditional":"前任","pinyin":"qian2 ren4","gloss":"ex","definition":"a former romantic partner, such as a spouse, boyfriend, or girlfriend","perMillion":10.97},{"simplified":"前夫","traditional":"前夫","pinyin":"qian2 fu1","gloss":"ex-husband","definition":"former husband","perMillion":10.79},{"simplified":"前门","traditional":"前門","pinyin":"qian2 men2","gloss":"front door","definition":"front door or main entrance of a building","perMillion":10.55},{"simplified":"前沿","traditional":"前沿","pinyin":"qian2 yan2","gloss":"frontier","definition":"forward position or front line of a military engagement","perMillion":10.356052026757},{"simplified":"前列","traditional":"前列","pinyin":"qian2 lie4","gloss":"forefront","definition":"the very front; the front row or rank","perMillion":10.3366661304584},{"simplified":"前日","traditional":"前日","pinyin":"qian2 ri4","gloss":"day before yesterday","definition":"the day before yesterday","perMillion":10.2280519991421},{"simplified":"前卫","traditional":"前衛","pinyin":"qian2 wei4","gloss":"avant-garde","definition":"experimental, radical, or modern in style and ideas","perMillion":10.0995208510807},{"simplified":"前行","traditional":"前行","pinyin":"qian2 xing2","gloss":"advance","definition":"(literary) to go forward","perMillion":9.83528842892968},{"simplified":"前场","traditional":"前場","pinyin":"qian2 chang3","gloss":"front court","definition":"in ball sports, the half of the playing field where the opponent's goal is located","perMillion":9.77941455795423}],"deletedComponentGlyphs":null,"wordData":{"simplified":"前","traditional":"前","senses":[{"id":546503,"simplified":"前","traditional":"前","pinyin":"qian2","gloss":"before","definition":"prior to a specific point in time or event; indicating a time boundary","example":"在会议前，我们要做好准备。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["f","v","n","d"],"source":"llm","occurrences":264,"sentenceCount":264,"exampleSentenceHtml":"在会议前，我们要做好准备。"},{"id":422573,"simplified":"前","traditional":"前","pinyin":"qian2","gloss":"ago","definition":"prior to the current time or a specified point in time","example":"他两分钟前还在这里。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["f","u","q","w"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":222,"sentenceCount":222,"exampleSentenceHtml":"他两分钟前还在这里。"},{"id":422575,"simplified":"前","traditional":"前","pinyin":"qian2","gloss":"front","definition":"located in front, forward, or ahead in space","example":"请大家向前看。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["f","i","v","s","n"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":74,"sentenceCount":74,"exampleSentenceHtml":"请大家向前看。"},{"id":422574,"simplified":"前","traditional":"前","pinyin":"qian2","gloss":"former","definition":"previous, formerly, or relating to an earlier status or era (including BC years)","example":"前政府制定的政策目前仍在执行。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["f","r","n"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":12,"sentenceCount":12,"exampleSentenceHtml":"前政府制定的政策目前仍在执行。"},{"id":422577,"simplified":"前","traditional":"前","pinyin":"qian2","gloss":"top","definition":"first or leading in a ranking or sequence, usually followed by a number","example":"他的成绩排在全班前三名。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["f"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":4,"sentenceCount":4,"exampleSentenceHtml":"他的成绩排在全班前三名。"},{"id":422576,"simplified":"前","traditional":"前","pinyin":"qian2","gloss":"future","definition":"referring to the time yet to come","example":"做人眼光要向前看，不要总是盯着过去。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["v"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":1,"sentenceCount":1,"exampleSentenceHtml":"做人眼光要向前看，不要总是盯着过去。"}],"references":[],"frequency":{"subtlexPerMillion":763.51,"subtlexContextDiversityPct":92,"bccPerMillion":987.3916287885701,"hsk3Level":1}}}