(bound form) modest; respectful and submissive

(bound form) low in physical position, altitude, or social status; inferior

(bound form) low in character; base; despicable; vulgar

(literary bound form) to treat as inferior; to despise or belittle

a Chinese surname

(literary bound form) to weaken; to be in decline (of a dynasty or power)

(literary bound form) to make simple, humble, or low; to keep at a basic level (e.g. of living conditions)

(literary bound form) simple; crude; low-quality (of housing or surroundings)