An official government-operated kiln producing high-quality porcelain for the imperial court, notably during the Song, Ming, and Qing dynasties

Specifically, the rare and prized 'official' crackle-glazed porcelain of the Song dynasty, one of the Five Great Kilns

Porcelain produced by official kilns for the court during the Ming and Qing dynasties, particularly from the imperial factories at Jingdezhen