to be; to correspond to; connects a subject to its identification, characterization, or identity

used in the 是...的 shì... de pattern to highlight specific details of a past event such as time, location, or manner

used for emphasis before a verb or adjective to confirm a quality or state, meaning "certainly" or "really"

used to express agreement, confirm a fact, or acknowledge a command, meaning "correct", "right", or "very well"

used to indicate the presence of something at a location, similar to "there is" or "there are"

(literary) this; that; such; used as a demonstrative to refer back to what was just mentioned

right; true; just; often used in contrast with 非 fēi

used to acknowledge a fact while introducing a contrast, meaning "A is A (all right), but..."

(literary) a particle used to pull the object of a sentence to the front for emphasis

(bound form) matters; national affairs; specifically used in context of state policy

a Chinese surname

to be suitable or appropriate

used before a noun to mean every, any, or all

to praise; to justify; to consider correct