to study; to research; to investigate or verify through evidence

to give or take an exam; to test someone's knowledge or skill; to check if someone knows something

to assess performance or achievements; to appraisal; to judge merit

to check; to inspect; to observe such as for attendance or presence

(bound form) one's deceased father; used in formal or ritual contexts

(literary) long life; old age

(archaic) to beat or strike; to hit a drum or bell; also used as a variant for 拷 kǎo meaning to torture

a Chinese surname

(archaic) to finish or complete a construction project