艰辛
jiān​xīn HSK7

arduous

  • updated sense approved 艰辛/艱辛 · jiān​xīn · arduous

    艰辛 / 艱辛

    jiān​xīn

    arduous

    difficult and requiring strenuous effort or endurance

    这是一个漫长而艰辛的过程。

    adjective → adjective, adverb

    updated sense

  • updated sense approved 艰辛/艱辛 · jiān​xīn · hardships

    艰辛 / 艱辛

    jiān​xīn

    hardships

    severe suffering or the difficult circumstances of life

    他为了养家糊口，历经了种种艰辛。

    adjective

    updated sense

  • created sense approved 艰辛/艱辛 · jiān​xīn · arduous

    艰辛 / 艱辛

    jiān​xīn

    arduous

    difficult and requiring strenuous effort or endurance

    这是一个漫长而艰辛的过程。

    adjective

    created sense

  • created sense approved 艰辛/艱辛 · jiān​xīn · hardships

    艰辛 / 艱辛

    jiān​xīn

    hardships

    severe suffering or the difficult circumstances of life

    他为了养家糊口，历经了种种艰辛。

    adjective

    created sense