{"type":"character","character":{"character":"銘","codepoint":"U+9298","gloss":"inscribe","iconicGloss":null,"hint":"To carve 釒 one's name 名; 名 also provides the pronunciation","originalMeaning":null,"strokeCountSimp":14,"strokeCountTrad":14,"isVerified":null,"components":[{"type":["meaning"],"character":"釒","pinyin":["jīn"],"gloss":"metal","iconicGloss":null},{"type":["sound","meaning"],"character":"名","pinyin":["míng"],"gloss":"name","iconicGloss":null}],"customSources":null,"simplifiedVariants":["铭"],"traditionalVariants":null,"variantOf":null,"junDaRank":2061,"junDaFrequency":6555,"junDaPerMillion":33.8752655771727,"subtlexRank":2617,"subtlexCount":322,"subtlexPerMillion":6.87,"subtlexContextDiversity":267,"hsk2Level":null,"hsk3Level":null,"strokeDataSimp":{"source":"dong","medians":[[[333,819],[349,808],[369,781],[352,727],[300,622],[206,484],[104,384],[75,361],[62,358],[58,350]],[[392,722],[410,721],[468,688],[498,652]],[[237,487],[312,498],[413,531],[450,529]],[[223,369],[280,369],[412,411],[445,412]],[[359,485],[347,456],[349,228],[344,211],[332,200]],[[202,300],[258,256],[273,234]],[[442,356],[462,334],[411,261]],[[114,130],[172,112],[452,217]],[[646,834],[660,824],[680,790],[645,709],[532,536],[466,466]],[[628,625],[750,645],[780,640],[792,631],[774,588],[697,455],[566,271],[419,112],[343,46],[277,0]],[[532,502],[553,494],[583,468],[599,435]],[[581,240],[581,208],[612,20]],[[610,221],[628,236],[688,245],[798,274],[828,270],[858,236],[827,150],[800,138]],[[632,60],[649,76],[777,100],[835,99],[857,93]]],"strokes":["M 248 503 Q 308 581 383 721 L 393 739 Q 402 758 412 770 Q 419 777 417 787 Q 414 797 400 809 Q 364 839 330 829 Q 320 826 324 813 Q 348 720 211 528 Q 205 522 200 514 Q 158 460 52 353 Q 45 346 55 344 Q 119 359 228 479 Q 229 482 232 483 L 248 503 Z","M 383 721 Q 387 712 409 698 Q 440 674 474 645 Q 487 635 500 636 Q 509 637 513 648 Q 517 661 508 687 Q 496 718 403 739 Q 397 740 393 739 C 373 737 373 737 383 721 Z","M 363 491 Q 451 521 454 522 Q 461 531 456 538 Q 449 548 421 551 Q 393 554 367 540 Q 342 530 313 519 Q 283 512 248 503 C 219 496 208 493 232 483 Q 235 483 237 481 Q 270 466 316 477 L 363 491 Z","M 373 375 Q 449 397 453 402 Q 460 411 456 418 Q 449 428 421 432 Q 396 435 374 424 L 324 403 Q 258 385 229 379 Q 196 370 222 357 Q 262 338 323 360 L 325 360 L 373 375 Z","M 369 202 Q 372 298 373 375 L 374 424 Q 374 427 375 429 Q 378 480 365 489 L 363 491 C 343 513 310 506 316 477 Q 319 468 324 403 L 325 360 Q 325 299 327 190 C 328 160 368 172 369 202 Z","M 207 274 Q 240 229 268 217 Q 280 214 288 225 Q 292 235 292 249 Q 285 282 218 305 Q 205 309 197 307 Q 193 306 194 296 Q 195 286 207 274 Z","M 432 326 Q 425 304 406 266 Q 402 259 407 255 Q 413 255 418 260 Q 466 303 490 321 Q 503 328 498 335 Q 474 369 440 366 Q 430 365 433 350 Q 437 340 432 326 Z","M 327 190 Q 251 171 166 148 Q 147 144 115 144 Q 102 143 100 133 Q 97 120 107 110 Q 129 94 164 73 Q 174 69 187 78 Q 226 106 269 124 Q 336 151 401 179 Q 426 189 444 203 Q 457 210 458 220 Q 454 226 440 223 Q 406 213 369 202 L 327 190 Z","M 634 643 Q 706 763 719 775 Q 728 785 723 798 Q 719 811 690 831 Q 665 847 646 847 Q 628 846 637 824 Q 661 779 570 627 Q 528 558 469 482 Q 460 472 458 466 Q 455 456 469 458 Q 479 459 523 502 L 539 519 Q 590 585 620 623 L 634 643 Z","M 578 252 Q 701 409 797 565 Q 816 593 852 624 Q 867 634 861 645 Q 860 654 796 677 Q 777 687 757 673 Q 721 655 634 643 C 604 638 592 633 620 623 Q 645 602 714 622 Q 738 628 747 618 Q 751 608 735 583 Q 668 435 553 290 Q 457 169 273 6 Q 260 -7 274 -6 Q 319 0 440 106 Q 497 160 548 217 L 578 252 Z","M 523 502 Q 527 495 539 482 Q 558 460 579 433 Q 588 421 600 420 Q 607 419 613 429 Q 619 439 615 463 Q 614 479 590 495 Q 569 507 539 519 C 511 530 507 527 523 502 Z","M 598 245 Q 591 249 578 252 C 549 260 538 245 548 217 Q 570 159 582 71 Q 583 41 600 20 Q 616 -2 623 13 Q 629 28 628 53 L 624 92 Q 611 186 610 215 C 609 240 609 240 598 245 Z","M 846 115 Q 876 196 908 217 Q 926 236 911 256 Q 856 301 818 302 Q 806 302 795 298 Q 720 267 598 245 C 568 240 581 209 610 215 Q 611 215 782 249 Q 798 253 807 246 Q 819 231 790 127 C 782 98 835 87 846 115 Z","M 628 53 Q 635 53 646 55 Q 712 70 854 81 Q 867 82 868 93 Q 868 100 846 115 L 790 127 Q 783 127 780 125 Q 693 103 624 92 C 594 87 598 51 628 53 Z"]},"strokeDataTrad":{"source":"dong","medians":[[[333,819],[349,808],[369,781],[352,727],[300,622],[206,484],[104,384],[75,361],[62,358],[58,350]],[[392,722],[410,721],[468,688],[498,652]],[[237,487],[312,498],[413,531],[450,529]],[[223,369],[280,369],[412,411],[445,412]],[[359,485],[347,456],[349,228],[344,211],[332,200]],[[202,300],[258,256],[273,234]],[[442,356],[462,334],[411,261]],[[114,130],[172,112],[452,217]],[[646,834],[660,824],[680,790],[645,709],[532,536],[466,466]],[[628,625],[750,645],[780,640],[792,631],[774,588],[697,455],[566,271],[419,112],[343,46],[277,0]],[[532,502],[553,494],[583,468],[599,435]],[[581,240],[581,208],[612,20]],[[610,221],[628,236],[688,245],[798,274],[828,270],[858,236],[827,150],[800,138]],[[632,60],[649,76],[777,100],[835,99],[857,93]]],"strokes":["M 248 503 Q 308 581 383 721 L 393 739 Q 402 758 412 770 Q 419 777 417 787 Q 414 797 400 809 Q 364 839 330 829 Q 320 826 324 813 Q 348 720 211 528 Q 205 522 200 514 Q 158 460 52 353 Q 45 346 55 344 Q 119 359 228 479 Q 229 482 232 483 L 248 503 Z","M 383 721 Q 387 712 409 698 Q 440 674 474 645 Q 487 635 500 636 Q 509 637 513 648 Q 517 661 508 687 Q 496 718 403 739 Q 397 740 393 739 C 373 737 373 737 383 721 Z","M 363 491 Q 451 521 454 522 Q 461 531 456 538 Q 449 548 421 551 Q 393 554 367 540 Q 342 530 313 519 Q 283 512 248 503 C 219 496 208 493 232 483 Q 235 483 237 481 Q 270 466 316 477 L 363 491 Z","M 373 375 Q 449 397 453 402 Q 460 411 456 418 Q 449 428 421 432 Q 396 435 374 424 L 324 403 Q 258 385 229 379 Q 196 370 222 357 Q 262 338 323 360 L 325 360 L 373 375 Z","M 369 202 Q 372 298 373 375 L 374 424 Q 374 427 375 429 Q 378 480 365 489 L 363 491 C 343 513 310 506 316 477 Q 319 468 324 403 L 325 360 Q 325 299 327 190 C 328 160 368 172 369 202 Z","M 207 274 Q 240 229 268 217 Q 280 214 288 225 Q 292 235 292 249 Q 285 282 218 305 Q 205 309 197 307 Q 193 306 194 296 Q 195 286 207 274 Z","M 432 326 Q 425 304 406 266 Q 402 259 407 255 Q 413 255 418 260 Q 466 303 490 321 Q 503 328 498 335 Q 474 369 440 366 Q 430 365 433 350 Q 437 340 432 326 Z","M 327 190 Q 251 171 166 148 Q 147 144 115 144 Q 102 143 100 133 Q 97 120 107 110 Q 129 94 164 73 Q 174 69 187 78 Q 226 106 269 124 Q 336 151 401 179 Q 426 189 444 203 Q 457 210 458 220 Q 454 226 440 223 Q 406 213 369 202 L 327 190 Z","M 634 643 Q 706 763 719 775 Q 728 785 723 798 Q 719 811 690 831 Q 665 847 646 847 Q 628 846 637 824 Q 661 779 570 627 Q 528 558 469 482 Q 460 472 458 466 Q 455 456 469 458 Q 479 459 523 502 L 539 519 Q 590 585 620 623 L 634 643 Z","M 578 252 Q 701 409 797 565 Q 816 593 852 624 Q 867 634 861 645 Q 860 654 796 677 Q 777 687 757 673 Q 721 655 634 643 C 604 638 592 633 620 623 Q 645 602 714 622 Q 738 628 747 618 Q 751 608 735 583 Q 668 435 553 290 Q 457 169 273 6 Q 260 -7 274 -6 Q 319 0 440 106 Q 497 160 548 217 L 578 252 Z","M 523 502 Q 527 495 539 482 Q 558 460 579 433 Q 588 421 600 420 Q 607 419 613 429 Q 619 439 615 463 Q 614 479 590 495 Q 569 507 539 519 C 511 530 507 527 523 502 Z","M 598 245 Q 591 249 578 252 C 549 260 538 245 548 217 Q 570 159 582 71 Q 583 41 600 20 Q 616 -2 623 13 Q 629 28 628 53 L 624 92 Q 611 186 610 215 C 609 240 609 240 598 245 Z","M 846 115 Q 876 196 908 217 Q 926 236 911 256 Q 856 301 818 302 Q 806 302 795 298 Q 720 267 598 245 C 568 240 581 209 610 215 Q 611 215 782 249 Q 798 253 807 246 Q 819 231 790 127 C 782 98 835 87 846 115 Z","M 628 53 Q 635 53 646 55 Q 712 70 854 81 Q 867 82 868 93 Q 868 100 846 115 L 790 127 Q 783 127 780 125 Q 693 103 624 92 C 594 87 598 51 628 53 Z"]},"fragmentsSimp":[[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7],[8,9,10,11,12,13]],"fragmentsTrad":null,"historicalImages":[{"era":"Early Warring States (~400 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E9%8A%98_0.png","type":"Bronze","source":"academia-sinica","description":"𠫑羌鐘(金)戰國早期"},{"era":"Shuowen (~100 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E9%8A%98_1.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"說文‧金部"},{"era":"Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E9%8A%98_2.png","type":"Clerical","source":"academia-sinica","description":"居延簡乙220.18(隸)西漢"},{"era":"Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E9%8A%98_3.png","type":"Clerical","source":"academia-sinica","description":"尹宙碑額(隸)東漢"},{"era":"Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E9%8A%98_4.png","type":"Clerical","source":"academia-sinica","description":"孔宙碑(隸)東漢"},{"era":"Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E9%8A%98_5.png","type":"Clerical","source":"academia-sinica","description":"楊淮表紀(隸)東漢"}],"historicalPronunciations":[{"gloss":"inscription","pinyin":"míng","source":"baxter-sagart","oldChinese":"*mˤeŋ","middleChinese":"meng"},{"source":"zhengzhang","oldChinese":"meːŋ","rhymeGroup":"耕","phoneticSeries":"名"},{"source":"tang","middleChinese":"meng"}],"shuowenExplanation":"記也。从金名聲。","shuowenPronunciation":"莫經切","shuowenPinyin":"ming","pinyinFrequencies":null,"pinyin":null},"componentUses":[],"commonWords":[{"simplified":"铭","traditional":"銘","pinyin":"ming2","gloss":"engrave","definition":"to engrave or carve characters or patterns into a hard surface, often used metaphorically for memory","perMillion":4.66339685670868},{"simplified":"刻骨铭心","traditional":"刻骨銘心","pinyin":"ke4 gu3 ming2 xin1","gloss":"unforgettable","definition":"etched in one's memory; deeply felt or ingrained in one's heart.","perMillion":4.06917930112565},{"simplified":"铭记","traditional":"銘記","pinyin":"ming2 ji4","gloss":"engrave","definition":"to engrave in one's memory","perMillion":4.03699340206564},{"simplified":"座右铭","traditional":"座右銘","pinyin":"zuo4 you4 ming2","gloss":"motto","definition":"a motto or maxim used as a guiding principle for one's behavior","perMillion":2.5},{"simplified":"墓志铭","traditional":"墓誌銘","pinyin":"mu4 zhi4 ming2","gloss":"epitaph","definition":"epitaph","perMillion":0.867797697593055},{"simplified":"铭刻","traditional":"銘刻","pinyin":"ming2 ke4","gloss":"inscription","definition":"a carved inscription","perMillion":0.84490640634741},{"simplified":"铭文","traditional":"銘文","pinyin":"ming2 wen2","gloss":"inscription","definition":"inscription","perMillion":0.791103905113444},{"simplified":"郭台铭","traditional":"郭台銘","pinyin":"Guo1 Tai2 Ming2","gloss":"Terry Gou","definition":"Guo \"Terry\" Taiming (1950-), prominent Taiwanese businessman, founder of Foxconn","perMillion":0.777772781905423},{"simplified":"铭牌","traditional":"銘牌","pinyin":"ming2 pai2","gloss":"nameplate","definition":"An identification or technical data plate attached to a machine or object.","perMillion":0.51},{"simplified":"辜鸿铭","traditional":"辜鴻銘","pinyin":"Gu1 Hong2 ming2","gloss":"Gu Hongming","definition":"Ku Hung-ming or Gu Hongming (1857–1928), Malaysian writer known for his English-language works and defense of Qing dynasty monarchy","perMillion":0.329347788896171},{"simplified":"贝聿铭","traditional":"貝聿銘","pinyin":"Bei4 Yu4 ming2","gloss":"I.M. Pei","definition":"I.M. Pei (1917-2019), renowned Chinese-American architect","perMillion":0.225673077732596},{"simplified":"铭心刻骨","traditional":"銘心刻骨","pinyin":"ming2 xin1 ke4 gu3","gloss":"grateful","definition":"remembered with deep gratitude for the rest of one's life","perMillion":0.181536968625562},{"simplified":"碑铭","traditional":"碑銘","pinyin":"bei1 ming2","gloss":"inscription","definition":"inscription on a stone tablet","perMillion":0.18},{"simplified":"罗保铭","traditional":"羅保銘","pinyin":"Luo2 Bao3 ming2","gloss":"Luo Baoming","definition":"Luo Baoming (1952-), sixth governor of Hainan","perMillion":0.147810820270609},{"simplified":"铭言","traditional":"銘言","pinyin":"ming2 yan2","gloss":"motto","definition":"a short sentence or phrase expressing a belief, guiding principle, or slogan","perMillion":0.03},{"simplified":"铭心镂骨","traditional":"銘心鏤骨","pinyin":"ming2 xin1 lou4 gu3","gloss":"undying gratitude","definition":"to remember a benefactor or an act of kindness for as long as one lives","perMillion":0.00164647338425759},{"simplified":"铭瑄","traditional":"銘瑄","pinyin":"Ming2 xuan1","gloss":"MaxSun","definition":"PRC company specializing in video and computer display hardware","perMillion":0},{"simplified":"铭谢","traditional":"銘謝","pinyin":"ming2 xie4","gloss":"express gratitude","definition":"to express gratitude, especially in a formal or public manner","perMillion":0},{"simplified":"镌心铭骨","traditional":"鐫心銘骨","pinyin":"juan1 xin1 ming2 gu3","gloss":"unforgettable","definition":"etched in one's bones and heart; an ever-present memory (often referring to resentment or deep gratitude)","perMillion":0},{"simplified":"镌骨铭心","traditional":"鐫骨銘心","pinyin":"juan1 gu3 ming2 xin1","gloss":"unforgettable","definition":"etched in one's bones and heart; an ever-present memory (especially of resentment)","perMillion":0}],"deletedComponentGlyphs":null,"wordData":{"simplified":"铭","traditional":"銘","senses":[{"id":534465,"simplified":"铭","traditional":"銘","pinyin":"ming2","gloss":"engrave","definition":"to engrave or carve characters or patterns into a hard surface, often used metaphorically for memory","example":"他打算将获胜者的名字铭在石碑上。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["Vg"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":1,"sentenceCount":1,"exampleSentenceHtml":"他打算将获胜者的名字铭在石碑上。"},{"id":534466,"simplified":"铭","traditional":"銘","pinyin":"ming2","gloss":"motto","definition":"an inscribed motto or a piece of commemorative writing","example":"这篇墓志铭记录了这位将军的一生。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["n"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":1,"sentenceCount":1,"exampleSentenceHtml":"这篇墓志铭记录了这位将军的一生。"}],"references":[],"frequency":{"subtlexPerMillion":0.24,"subtlexContextDiversityPct":0,"bccPerMillion":4.663396856708675}}}