To heat a substance to remove impurities, extract a component, or strengthen it; to smelt, refine, or temper

To carefully polish or refine writing to make it concise and precise

A Chinese surname

To refine metal, oil, or other materials by heating or chemical processes to remove impurities; also refers to refining medicinal pills through long boiling.

To carefully choose and refine words or sentences to make them precise and elegant.

To improve one's character, skills, or physical constitution through rigorous practice or experience.

A Chinese surname.

A series of metal links or cable connected together, such as a 铁链 tiě​liàn or 锁链 suǒ​liàn.

to fasten or restrain with a chain; to enchain

a unit of length, either a nautical cable (approx. 185m) or a surveying chain (approx. 20m)