{"type":"character","character":{"character":"鑑","codepoint":"U+9451","gloss":"mirror","iconicGloss":null,"hint":"Phonosemantic compound. 釒 represents the meaning and 監 represents the sound. ","originalMeaning":null,"strokeCountSimp":22,"strokeCountTrad":22,"isVerified":null,"components":[{"hint":"釒 is a component form of 金. ","type":["meaning"],"character":"釒","pinyin":["jīn"],"gloss":"metal","iconicGloss":null},{"hint":"","type":["sound"],"character":"監","pinyin":["jiān"],"gloss":"watch carefully","iconicGloss":null}],"customSources":null,"simplifiedVariants":["𰾫"],"traditionalVariants":null,"variantOf":null,"junDaRank":6989,"junDaFrequency":12,"junDaPerMillion":0.0620142161595838,"subtlexRank":null,"subtlexCount":null,"subtlexPerMillion":null,"subtlexContextDiversity":null,"hsk2Level":null,"hsk3Level":null,"strokeDataSimp":{"source":"dong","medians":[[[289,827],[313,804],[324,782],[284,697],[226,597],[174,524],[95,429],[59,398]],[[325,702],[340,704],[387,679],[404,667],[418,644]],[[199,502],[256,504],[346,534],[385,537]],[[178,366],[215,364],[357,413],[398,417]],[[263,481],[291,458],[293,235],[276,206]],[[152,299],[197,256],[208,237]],[[379,354],[389,334],[343,273]],[[111,140],[164,126],[412,236]],[[500,685],[511,680],[556,684],[636,711],[670,713]],[[574,667],[590,648],[585,599],[567,582]],[[498,537],[548,556],[627,578],[641,577],[662,553],[640,500],[622,489]],[[499,433],[518,445],[608,466],[662,464]],[[571,441],[589,413],[583,377],[566,366]],[[452,702],[476,675],[480,654],[481,476],[474,322],[503,322],[630,353],[678,351]],[[764,780],[778,774],[802,747],[789,687],[727,528],[683,457]],[[755,532],[767,539],[847,551],[904,570],[937,570]],[[764,461],[839,398],[851,368]],[[460,233],[480,216],[491,194],[516,81],[525,71]],[[502,233],[512,225],[528,224],[762,277],[810,275],[823,265],[839,237],[813,143],[775,102]],[[595,220],[606,113],[610,92],[619,82]],[[680,238],[709,217],[686,96],[674,89]],[[365,39],[419,32],[621,60],[890,86],[926,83],[971,69]]],"strokes":["M 329 722 Q 345 750 362 765 Q 372 775 367 789 Q 363 802 334 823 Q 307 842 289 841 Q 270 840 278 817 Q 293 786 281 759 Q 245 668 189 585 Q 137 503 62 415 Q 52 405 50 398 Q 47 388 61 390 Q 113 399 265 616 Q 310 688 316 700 L 329 722 Z","M 316 700 Q 323 694 335 686 Q 366 664 399 637 Q 409 628 422 629 Q 429 630 433 640 Q 436 652 428 675 Q 416 706 329 722 C 300 728 293 719 316 700 Z","M 295 496 Q 329 508 369 519 Q 390 526 393 529 Q 400 536 395 543 Q 388 552 365 555 Q 341 558 270 527 Q 240 518 204 511 Q 176 504 197 492 Q 221 483 255 485 L 295 496 Z","M 317 376 Q 344 386 374 395 Q 402 405 406 409 Q 412 416 408 423 Q 401 432 377 435 Q 344 436 318 419 L 268 397 Q 229 385 183 375 Q 155 368 177 356 Q 213 341 256 356 Q 260 359 269 360 L 317 376 Z","M 313 210 Q 316 301 317 376 L 318 419 Q 318 434 320 451 Q 327 472 296 495 L 295 496 C 272 515 248 514 255 485 Q 264 452 268 397 L 269 360 Q 269 302 271 196 C 272 166 312 180 313 210 Z","M 145 285 Q 179 222 205 219 Q 218 216 226 233 Q 229 246 222 266 Q 215 281 195 290 Q 165 306 152 310 Q 143 313 141 302 Q 140 295 145 285 Z","M 364 331 Q 357 310 338 277 Q 335 271 339 268 Q 345 267 349 271 Q 392 310 415 325 Q 425 329 422 337 Q 418 347 402 357 Q 389 367 373 366 Q 363 365 366 352 Q 369 343 364 331 Z","M 271 196 Q 216 180 157 159 Q 141 153 112 153 Q 99 152 98 141 Q 97 128 106 121 Q 128 106 160 90 Q 170 87 181 96 Q 209 120 368 199 Q 390 209 405 223 Q 418 230 417 240 Q 413 244 400 242 Q 357 227 313 210 L 271 196 Z","M 593 677 Q 624 687 656 696 Q 675 703 678 705 Q 684 712 679 719 Q 672 728 649 731 Q 621 732 561 705 Q 534 698 503 691 Q 497 690 494 688 C 472 679 473 679 502 670 Q 529 661 566 668 L 593 677 Z","M 600 584 Q 607 632 611 637 Q 618 649 612 657 Q 602 669 593 677 C 571 697 564 698 566 668 Q 567 662 565 570 C 564 540 596 554 600 584 Z","M 656 477 Q 675 526 692 540 Q 711 561 692 573 Q 676 583 655 598 Q 639 607 623 598 Q 611 591 600 584 L 565 570 Q 534 563 497 553 C 468 545 468 525 497 531 Q 501 531 601 556 Q 625 562 631 553 Q 635 549 628 528 Q 622 507 614 483 C 605 455 645 449 656 477 Z","M 585 444 Q 616 451 660 458 Q 667 459 669 465 Q 669 469 656 477 C 641 487 641 487 614 483 Q 613 484 611 483 Q 548 464 495 452 C 466 445 465 429 495 427 Q 501 426 511 428 Q 532 435 566 441 L 585 444 Z","M 596 362 Q 602 395 607 402 Q 614 412 609 420 Q 597 436 585 444 C 562 460 562 460 566 441 Q 565 441 566 440 Q 567 436 569 434 Q 569 431 563 354 C 561 324 591 333 596 362 Z","M 494 688 Q 487 695 467 704 Q 452 713 446 707 Q 442 703 447 691 Q 477 634 458 381 Q 457 353 442 327 Q 435 317 442 302 Q 449 287 456 281 Q 463 275 475 285 Q 523 324 670 340 Q 686 341 687 349 Q 686 359 665 371 Q 656 378 596 362 L 563 354 Q 538 350 507 341 Q 501 340 499 341 Q 495 342 494 352 Q 494 389 495 427 L 495 452 Q 496 491 497 531 L 497 553 Q 498 586 498 618 Q 498 648 502 670 C 504 682 504 682 494 688 Z","M 757 551 Q 758 557 762 561 Q 790 612 817 687 Q 827 721 839 740 Q 846 752 839 762 Q 832 772 804 786 Q 777 796 761 792 Q 745 786 757 770 Q 794 722 684 472 Q 677 462 676 455 Q 676 445 687 450 Q 705 459 746 530 L 757 551 Z","M 746 530 Q 791 512 839 529 Q 938 559 942 562 Q 949 571 944 578 Q 937 588 909 591 Q 897 592 812 564 Q 787 557 757 551 C 728 545 718 540 746 530 Z","M 780 417 Q 802 393 826 364 Q 838 351 852 349 Q 862 349 869 361 Q 875 374 870 404 Q 863 437 781 464 Q 766 468 760 467 Q 756 464 755 451 Q 756 441 780 417 Z","M 493 234 Q 484 238 466 240 Q 456 243 452 238 Q 448 232 455 218 Q 477 172 493 96 Q 494 77 505 62 C 522 37 532 35 533 65 Q 534 80 531 102 Q 518 180 515 205 C 512 227 512 227 493 234 Z","M 834 106 Q 858 197 882 231 Q 892 241 888 252 Q 881 268 823 293 Q 807 300 794 296 Q 658 262 493 234 C 463 229 487 195 515 205 Q 521 206 526 209 Q 550 216 576 221 L 600 227 Q 634 237 673 245 L 706 251 Q 770 272 794 259 Q 800 255 799 239 Q 790 179 770 95 C 763 66 826 77 834 106 Z","M 626 76 Q 633 128 604 219 Q 603 223 600 227 C 584 253 576 251 576 221 Q 576 110 600 73 C 615 47 623 46 626 76 Z","M 695 85 Q 696 92 700 100 Q 712 133 722 172 Q 726 190 737 214 Q 746 226 738 232 Q 728 242 706 251 C 678 263 666 268 673 245 Q 685 205 683 172 Q 680 135 669 81 C 663 52 688 56 695 85 Z","M 505 62 Q 438 58 368 48 Q 349 47 362 31 Q 375 18 392 12 Q 411 8 427 11 Q 608 56 922 56 Q 940 56 959 55 Q 978 55 982 63 Q 988 73 972 87 Q 915 129 849 109 Q 840 109 834 106 L 770 95 Q 734 91 695 85 L 669 81 Q 662 82 655 80 Q 640 79 626 76 L 600 73 Q 567 70 533 65 L 505 62 Z"]},"strokeDataTrad":{"source":"dong","medians":[[[289,827],[313,804],[324,782],[284,697],[226,597],[174,524],[95,429],[59,398]],[[325,702],[340,704],[387,679],[404,667],[418,644]],[[199,502],[256,504],[346,534],[385,537]],[[178,366],[215,364],[357,413],[398,417]],[[263,481],[291,458],[293,235],[276,206]],[[152,299],[197,256],[208,237]],[[379,354],[389,334],[343,273]],[[111,140],[164,126],[412,236]],[[500,685],[511,680],[556,684],[636,711],[670,713]],[[574,667],[590,648],[585,599],[567,582]],[[498,537],[548,556],[627,578],[641,577],[662,553],[640,500],[622,489]],[[499,433],[518,445],[608,466],[662,464]],[[571,441],[589,413],[583,377],[566,366]],[[452,702],[476,675],[480,654],[481,476],[474,322],[503,322],[630,353],[678,351]],[[764,780],[778,774],[802,747],[789,687],[727,528],[683,457]],[[755,532],[767,539],[847,551],[904,570],[937,570]],[[764,461],[839,398],[851,368]],[[460,233],[480,216],[491,194],[516,81],[525,71]],[[502,233],[512,225],[528,224],[762,277],[810,275],[823,265],[839,237],[813,143],[775,102]],[[595,220],[606,113],[610,92],[619,82]],[[680,238],[709,217],[686,96],[674,89]],[[365,39],[419,32],[621,60],[890,86],[926,83],[971,69]]],"strokes":["M 329 722 Q 345 750 362 765 Q 372 775 367 789 Q 363 802 334 823 Q 307 842 289 841 Q 270 840 278 817 Q 293 786 281 759 Q 245 668 189 585 Q 137 503 62 415 Q 52 405 50 398 Q 47 388 61 390 Q 113 399 265 616 Q 310 688 316 700 L 329 722 Z","M 316 700 Q 323 694 335 686 Q 366 664 399 637 Q 409 628 422 629 Q 429 630 433 640 Q 436 652 428 675 Q 416 706 329 722 C 300 728 293 719 316 700 Z","M 295 496 Q 329 508 369 519 Q 390 526 393 529 Q 400 536 395 543 Q 388 552 365 555 Q 341 558 270 527 Q 240 518 204 511 Q 176 504 197 492 Q 221 483 255 485 L 295 496 Z","M 317 376 Q 344 386 374 395 Q 402 405 406 409 Q 412 416 408 423 Q 401 432 377 435 Q 344 436 318 419 L 268 397 Q 229 385 183 375 Q 155 368 177 356 Q 213 341 256 356 Q 260 359 269 360 L 317 376 Z","M 313 210 Q 316 301 317 376 L 318 419 Q 318 434 320 451 Q 327 472 296 495 L 295 496 C 272 515 248 514 255 485 Q 264 452 268 397 L 269 360 Q 269 302 271 196 C 272 166 312 180 313 210 Z","M 145 285 Q 179 222 205 219 Q 218 216 226 233 Q 229 246 222 266 Q 215 281 195 290 Q 165 306 152 310 Q 143 313 141 302 Q 140 295 145 285 Z","M 364 331 Q 357 310 338 277 Q 335 271 339 268 Q 345 267 349 271 Q 392 310 415 325 Q 425 329 422 337 Q 418 347 402 357 Q 389 367 373 366 Q 363 365 366 352 Q 369 343 364 331 Z","M 271 196 Q 216 180 157 159 Q 141 153 112 153 Q 99 152 98 141 Q 97 128 106 121 Q 128 106 160 90 Q 170 87 181 96 Q 209 120 368 199 Q 390 209 405 223 Q 418 230 417 240 Q 413 244 400 242 Q 357 227 313 210 L 271 196 Z","M 593 677 Q 624 687 656 696 Q 675 703 678 705 Q 684 712 679 719 Q 672 728 649 731 Q 621 732 561 705 Q 534 698 503 691 Q 497 690 494 688 C 472 679 473 679 502 670 Q 529 661 566 668 L 593 677 Z","M 600 584 Q 607 632 611 637 Q 618 649 612 657 Q 602 669 593 677 C 571 697 564 698 566 668 Q 567 662 565 570 C 564 540 596 554 600 584 Z","M 656 477 Q 675 526 692 540 Q 711 561 692 573 Q 676 583 655 598 Q 639 607 623 598 Q 611 591 600 584 L 565 570 Q 534 563 497 553 C 468 545 468 525 497 531 Q 501 531 601 556 Q 625 562 631 553 Q 635 549 628 528 Q 622 507 614 483 C 605 455 645 449 656 477 Z","M 585 444 Q 616 451 660 458 Q 667 459 669 465 Q 669 469 656 477 C 641 487 641 487 614 483 Q 613 484 611 483 Q 548 464 495 452 C 466 445 465 429 495 427 Q 501 426 511 428 Q 532 435 566 441 L 585 444 Z","M 596 362 Q 602 395 607 402 Q 614 412 609 420 Q 597 436 585 444 C 562 460 562 460 566 441 Q 565 441 566 440 Q 567 436 569 434 Q 569 431 563 354 C 561 324 591 333 596 362 Z","M 494 688 Q 487 695 467 704 Q 452 713 446 707 Q 442 703 447 691 Q 477 634 458 381 Q 457 353 442 327 Q 435 317 442 302 Q 449 287 456 281 Q 463 275 475 285 Q 523 324 670 340 Q 686 341 687 349 Q 686 359 665 371 Q 656 378 596 362 L 563 354 Q 538 350 507 341 Q 501 340 499 341 Q 495 342 494 352 Q 494 389 495 427 L 495 452 Q 496 491 497 531 L 497 553 Q 498 586 498 618 Q 498 648 502 670 C 504 682 504 682 494 688 Z","M 757 551 Q 758 557 762 561 Q 790 612 817 687 Q 827 721 839 740 Q 846 752 839 762 Q 832 772 804 786 Q 777 796 761 792 Q 745 786 757 770 Q 794 722 684 472 Q 677 462 676 455 Q 676 445 687 450 Q 705 459 746 530 L 757 551 Z","M 746 530 Q 791 512 839 529 Q 938 559 942 562 Q 949 571 944 578 Q 937 588 909 591 Q 897 592 812 564 Q 787 557 757 551 C 728 545 718 540 746 530 Z","M 780 417 Q 802 393 826 364 Q 838 351 852 349 Q 862 349 869 361 Q 875 374 870 404 Q 863 437 781 464 Q 766 468 760 467 Q 756 464 755 451 Q 756 441 780 417 Z","M 493 234 Q 484 238 466 240 Q 456 243 452 238 Q 448 232 455 218 Q 477 172 493 96 Q 494 77 505 62 C 522 37 532 35 533 65 Q 534 80 531 102 Q 518 180 515 205 C 512 227 512 227 493 234 Z","M 834 106 Q 858 197 882 231 Q 892 241 888 252 Q 881 268 823 293 Q 807 300 794 296 Q 658 262 493 234 C 463 229 487 195 515 205 Q 521 206 526 209 Q 550 216 576 221 L 600 227 Q 634 237 673 245 L 706 251 Q 770 272 794 259 Q 800 255 799 239 Q 790 179 770 95 C 763 66 826 77 834 106 Z","M 626 76 Q 633 128 604 219 Q 603 223 600 227 C 584 253 576 251 576 221 Q 576 110 600 73 C 615 47 623 46 626 76 Z","M 695 85 Q 696 92 700 100 Q 712 133 722 172 Q 726 190 737 214 Q 746 226 738 232 Q 728 242 706 251 C 678 263 666 268 673 245 Q 685 205 683 172 Q 680 135 669 81 C 663 52 688 56 695 85 Z","M 505 62 Q 438 58 368 48 Q 349 47 362 31 Q 375 18 392 12 Q 411 8 427 11 Q 608 56 922 56 Q 940 56 959 55 Q 978 55 982 63 Q 988 73 972 87 Q 915 129 849 109 Q 840 109 834 106 L 770 95 Q 734 91 695 85 L 669 81 Q 662 82 655 80 Q 640 79 626 76 L 600 73 Q 567 70 533 65 L 505 62 Z"]},"fragmentsSimp":[[0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7],[8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21]],"fragmentsTrad":null,"historicalImages":[{"era":"Late Spring and Autumn (~500 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E9%91%91_0.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"吳王夫差鑑(金)春秋晚期"},{"era":"Late Spring and Autumn (~500 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E9%91%91_1.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"吳王光鑑(金)春秋晚期"},{"era":"Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E9%91%91_2.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"包2.263(楚)"},{"era":"Shuowen (~100 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E9%91%91_3.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"說文‧金部"},{"era":"Western Han dynasty (202 BC-9 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E9%91%91_4.png","type":"Clerical","source":"academia-sinica","description":"上林銅鑒(隸)西漢"},{"era":"Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E9%91%91_5.png","type":"Clerical","source":"academia-sinica","description":"華山廟碑(隸)東漢"}],"historicalPronunciations":[{"notes":"監轉註字","source":"zhengzhang","oldChinese":"kraːm","rhymeGroup":"談","phoneticSeries":"監"},{"notes":"同鑑見詩","source":"zhengzhang","oldChinese":"kraːms","rhymeGroup":"談","phoneticSeries":"監"},{"source":"zhengzhang","oldChinese":"kraːms","rhymeGroup":"談","phoneticSeries":"監"}],"shuowenExplanation":"大盆也。一曰監諸，可以取明水於月。从金監聲。","shuowenPronunciation":"革懺切","shuowenPinyin":"jian","pinyinFrequencies":null,"pinyin":null},"componentUses":[],"commonWords":[{"simplified":"鉴定","traditional":"鑑定","pinyin":"jian4 ding4","gloss":"appraise","definition":"to examine something to determine its authenticity, quality, or value; to appraise; to evaluate; to authenticate","perMillion":41.1457947689543},{"simplified":"鉴别","traditional":"鑑別","pinyin":"jian4 bie2","gloss":"differentiate","definition":"to differentiate; to distinguish","perMillion":10.4455989340427},{"simplified":"鉴","traditional":"鑑","pinyin":"jian4","gloss":"examine","definition":"to examine or scrutinize carefully","perMillion":6.15340215741714},{"simplified":"年鉴","traditional":"年鑑","pinyin":"nian2 jian4","gloss":"yearbook","definition":"An annual publication, such as an almanac or comprehensive report, containing facts, statistics, and records for a specific year.","perMillion":4.08},{"simplified":"鉴赏","traditional":"鑑賞","pinyin":"jian4 shang3","gloss":"appreciate","definition":"to appreciate (as a connoisseur)","perMillion":3.24259655018368},{"simplified":"前车之鉴","traditional":"前車之鑑","pinyin":"qian2 che1 zhi1 jian4","gloss":"lesson","definition":"A warning or lesson learned from the previous mistakes or failures of others.","perMillion":1.1233197444209},{"simplified":"鉴证","traditional":"鑑證","pinyin":"jian4 zheng4","gloss":"appraisal","definition":"expert evaluation of the quality, authenticity, or value of an item","perMillion":1.00429565235247},{"simplified":"评鉴","traditional":"評鑑","pinyin":"ping2 jian4","gloss":"evaluation","definition":"evaluation; assessment","perMillion":0.185307923795959},{"simplified":"引以为鉴","traditional":"引以為鑑","pinyin":"yin3 yi3 wei2 jian4","gloss":"learn a lesson","definition":"to take a lesson from an adverse experience","perMillion":0.133576792303478},{"simplified":"光可鉴人","traditional":"光可鑑人","pinyin":"guang1 ke3 jian4 ren2","gloss":"shining enough to reflect one's image","definition":"so bright and shiny that it can reflect a person's image like a mirror; usually describing a polished surface or very clear water","perMillion":0.0940614310812964},{"simplified":"鉴识","traditional":"鑑識","pinyin":"jian4 shi2","gloss":"detect","definition":"to discover or perceive the presence of specific traits, clues, or substances using specialized methods","perMillion":0},{"simplified":"鉴价","traditional":"鑑價","pinyin":"jian4 jia4","gloss":"appraisal","definition":"a professional assessment or valuation of the worth of something","perMillion":0},{"simplified":"鉴黄","traditional":"鑑黃","pinyin":"jian4 huang2","gloss":"pornography screening","definition":"to inspect videos and other media for pornographic content","perMillion":0},{"simplified":"鉴黄师","traditional":"鑑黃師","pinyin":"jian4 huang2 shi1","gloss":"pornography moderator","definition":"content moderator specializing in identifying and removing pornographic material (both online and offline)","perMillion":0},{"simplified":"龙龛手鉴","traditional":"龍龕手鑑","pinyin":"Long2 kan1 Shou3 jian4","gloss":"Longkan Shoujian","definition":"A Chinese character dictionary from 997 AD containing 26,430 entries, featuring radicals organized into 240 rhyme groups and arranged by the four tones.","perMillion":0}],"deletedComponentGlyphs":null,"wordData":{"simplified":"鉴","traditional":"鑑","senses":[{"id":533639,"simplified":"鉴","traditional":"鑑","pinyin":"jian4","gloss":"examine","definition":"to examine or scrutinize carefully","example":"这件古玩的真伪，请行家一鉴便知。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["Vg"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":1,"sentenceCount":1,"exampleSentenceHtml":"这件古玩的真伪，请行家一鉴便知。"},{"id":533641,"simplified":"鉴","traditional":"鑑","pinyin":"jian4","gloss":"mirror","definition":"a bronze mirror used in ancient times","example":"古人常以青铜为鉴。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["v"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":1,"sentenceCount":1,"exampleSentenceHtml":"古人常以青铜为鉴。"},{"id":533640,"simplified":"鉴","traditional":"鑑","pinyin":"jian4","gloss":"lesson","definition":"something that serves as a warning or a lesson","example":"我们应该引以为鉴，避免犯同样的错误。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["w"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":0,"sentenceCount":0,"exampleSentenceHtml":"我们应该引以为鉴，避免犯同样的错误。"},{"id":533642,"simplified":"鉴","traditional":"鑑","pinyin":"jian4","gloss":"reflect","definition":"to reflect or mirror an image","example":"地上的积水清澈见底，光可鉴人。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["l"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":0,"sentenceCount":0,"exampleSentenceHtml":"地上的积水清澈见底，光可鉴人。"}],"references":[{"id":8523,"sourceSimplified":"鉴","sourceTraditional":"鋻","sourcePinyin":"jian4","targetSimplified":"鉴","targetTraditional":"鑑","targetPinyin":"jian4","type":"variant","source":"cedict"}],"frequency":{"subtlexPerMillion":4.26,"subtlexContextDiversityPct":2,"bccPerMillion":6.153402157417139}}}