Used in the transliteration of foreign names; also used as an abbreviation for countries like 阿富汗 ā​fù​hàn or 阿尔及利亚 ā'ěr​jí​lì​yà.

Used before monosyllabic names, family names, birth-order numbers, or kinship terms to express familiarity or intimacy.

(literary) to flatter; to curry favor with or to be unfairly partial to someone.

(bound form) a bend in a mountain or a river; a curved place.

(bound form) refers to 东阿 dōng'ē County in Shandong Province, especially when referring to donkey-hide gelatin

a Chinese surname

a roof or the eaves of a house

a hill or a large mound