A historical form of Chinese storytelling from the Song Dynasty; performers sang to the same repeated melody or alternating with spoken parts, accompanied by drum beats.

A form of folk storytelling music popular in Kaifeng and Luoyang; it uses several melodies in sequence and is accompanied by instruments like the three-stringed lute, zither, and octagonal drum; also called 大调曲子 dà​diào​qǔ​zi.