Recent Changes

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:tiSnx3sZ25RXycDm3] Added the original meaning" by cochleoid
    Original meaning
    to hold in arms
    Sources

    Changed: original meaning, sources

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:BmmPjB8f54DJBaXgs] Adding etymology and gloss for "thread spool", according to Outlier from a rather recent source which I did not have a copy of." by cochleoid
    Gloss
    9th heavenly stem (thread spool),9th heavenly stem
    Hint
    Origin unclear. Depicts a spool of thread. The modern meaning "9th heavenly stem" is a phonetic loan.
    Original meaning
    thread spool
    Sources

    Changed: gloss, hint, original meaning, sources

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:XutaQ3jbRLtEzMhB2] Added that the current meaning is a phonetic loan." by cochleoid
    Hint
    Depiction of a man carrying an axe on over his shoulders. The right side of the form was later phoneticized into 可. Depiction of a man carrying an axe on over his shoulders. The right side of the form was later phoneticized into 可. The current meaning "what" is a phonetic loan.

    Changed: hint

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:CTXzW5pjbABjpt3yJ] Added original iconographic meaning and etymology." by cochleoid
    Hint
    Phonosemantic compound. 亻 represents the meaning and 可 represents the sound. Depiction of a man carrying an axe on over his shoulders. The right side of the form was later phoneticized into 可.
    Original meaning
    shoulder a burden
    Components
    • Meaning
      • isFromOriginalMeaning: (empty) true

    Changed: hint, original meaning, components

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:s5wicDz2NH2RDhZjZ] typo in etymology" by cochleoid
    Hint
    Phonosemantic compound. Both 辶 (movement) and 隶 (seize) represent the meaning, 隶 resents the sound. Phonosemantic compound. Both 辶 (movement) and 隶 (seize) represent the meaning, 隶 represents the sound.

    Changed: hint

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:bwcR2QXeCGkHzeyJ6] Added usual phonosemantic etymology and updated 隶 dai4 as both a sound and meaning component." by cochleoid
    Hint
    Phonosemantic compound. Both 辶 (movement) and 隶 (seize) represent the meaning, 隶 resents the sound.

    Changed: hint, verified, components

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:P3RvPy3hdMz82R3r2] Sound and meaning component were swapped. Filled in the usual phonosemantic etymology template for no other reason than consistency." by cochleoid
    Hint
    Phonosemantic compound. 柰 represents the sound and 隶 represents the meaning. Phonosemantic compound. 柰 represents the sound, 隶 represents the meaning.

    Changed: hint, verified, components, sources

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:pkxC64Wy5MnJSbEqa] Updated etymology, components, and original meaning." by cochleoid
    Hint
    Depicts a hand (又) grabbing a tail (尾) from behind. Based on the original meaning "catch from behind", now written as 逮. In simplified Chinese 隶 is also used to mean "subservient", while in traditional Chinese this meaning is written with a separate character 隸. A hand 彐 grabbing a tail from behind.
    Original meaning
    catch from behind to catch from behind
    Components
    • Iconic
      • hint: Derived from the pictographic form of 尾 (tail). Derives from an ancient and simpler form of 尾 (tail)
    Sources

    Changed: hint, original meaning, verified, components, sources

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:Ety5gf3dJ5Er6pTsh] Added the original meaning to explain 犭and mentioned how the current meanings derived from it." by cochleoid
    Hint
    Phonosemantic compound. 犭 represents the meaning and 青 represents the sound. Phonosemantic compound. 犭 represents the meaning and 青 represents the sound. Meanings derived from resentful suspicion.
    Original meaning
    viciously resent
    Components
    • Meaning
      • hint: 犭 is a component form of 犬. 犭(dog, animal) signifies animalistic sentiment.
      • isFromOriginalMeaning: (empty) true

    Changed: hint, original meaning, components

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:453PZ2WzzLTB6Lavs] verify" by Peter Olson

    No field changes detected.

    Changed: verified, sources

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:BS8gPhZxoJAgRcMCf] more concise explanation while trying to preserve all of the details" by Peter Olson
    Hint
    Phonetic loan, originally from 歬. 歬 depicts washing feet but became used phonetically to mean both "cut" and "in front". An added 刂 (knife) once distinguished 前 as the original form of "cut", but later this too became used phonetically for the current meaning "in front". A later 刀 (knife) continues to distinguish 剪 as the current form of "cut", which left "in front" to become the sole meaning of 前. Phonosemantic compound. 歬 represents the sound, and 刂 represents the meaning. Based on the original meaning "cut", now written as 剪. The current meaning "in front" is a phonetic loan.
    Components
    • Sound
      • hint: Depicts washing feet. Once the phonetic loan for both "cut" and "in front". (empty)
    Sources

    Changed: hint, components, sources

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:tD7i7hzfAkZLDTPc9] I think 刂 here was used for the meaning "cut" rather than part of an iconic depiction involving the form of a knife. 刂 is a meaning component in the other phonosemantic characters like 刻." by cochleoid
    Components
    • Meaning
      • type: iconic meaning

    Changed: components

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:TcKLs4qRS32G2Rapz] Tried to cram in the newer etymology and reflect this in the components" by cochleoid
    Hint
    Originally written as 歬, depicting putting shoes on feet to prepare to go forward. The 刂 (knife) component was added because 前 is phonetically similar to 剪 (cut) and was sometimes used to mean "cut". Phonetic loan, originally from 歬. 歬 depicts washing feet but became used phonetically to mean both "cut" and "in front". An added 刂 (knife) once distinguished 前 as the original form of "cut", but later this too became used phonetically for the current meaning "in front". A later 刀 (knife) continues to distinguish 剪 as the current form of "cut", which left "in front" to become the sole meaning of 前.
    Original meaning
    cut
    Components
    • Sound
      • hint: Depicts putting shoes on feet (止) to prepare to go forward. Depicts washing feet. Once the phonetic loan for both "cut" and "in front".
      • type: sound, iconic sound
    • Iconic
      • isFromOriginalMeaning: (empty) true
    Sources

    Changed: hint, original meaning, components, sources

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:9GYXL4XAcNBHgjWZp] explain meaning evolution" by Peter Olson
    Hint
    Phonosemantic compound. 宀 represents the meaning and 祭 represents the sound. Phonosemantic compound. 宀 represents the meaning and 祭 represents the sound. Based on the original meaning "eaves". The meaning later shifted to "observe from above", "examine", and "inspect".

    Changed: hint

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:8ozqsXX3Ybixjroue] add original meaning to gloss" by Peter Olson
    Gloss
    tanned leather (surround a city), tanned leather

    Changed: gloss

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:2RJBr4AtZNyRZ4AZ2] add link to source" by Peter Olson
    Sources

    Changed: sources

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:Q48T67obGAjjjq9DR] Added a more recent etymology" by cochleoid
    Hint
    Original form of 前. Depicts putting shoes on feet (止) to prepare to go forward. Original form of 前. Depicts washing feet. Borrowed very early for its sound to mean "go forward". Mistaken for depicting putting shoes on feet (止) to prepare to go forward.
    Original meaning
    washing feet
    Components
    • Iconic
      • isFromOriginalMeaning: (empty) true
    • + Iconic Depicts a basin. A common corruption of 凡 (pan, tray), visually similar but unrelated to 舟 (boat). Sometimes the archaic form of 桶 (bucket, tub).
    • - Iconic
    Sources

    Changed: hint, original meaning, components, sources

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:g2fcgqnjJ93d9SmdC] Added the original meaning "eaves" to explain the meaning from 宀" by cochleoid
    Original meaning
    eaves
    Components
    • Meaning
      • isFromOriginalMeaning: (empty) true

    Changed: original meaning, components

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:x3DsRyafqEmLinzTb] Realized there was a checkbox for modern components that look different than the original character." by cochleoid
    Components
    • Sound
      • hint: Abbreviated as 𠦝 (empty)
      • isGlyphChanged: (empty) true

    Changed: components

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:e6bWRFwGwAFHSXFRv] Realized there was a checkbox for modern components that look different than the original character." by cochleoid
    Components
    • Sound
      • hint: Abbreviated as 𠦝 (empty)
      • isGlyphChanged: (empty) true

    Changed: components

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:b63Jf6mcuRnsQHAHQ] Realized that 倝 is the component linked to in other occurrences of 𠦝, so I'm following that here now." by cochleoid
    Components
    • + Sound Abbreviated as 𠦝
    • - 𠦝 Sound

    Changed: components

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:b7WHWZCgMea5H7bg9] Realized that 倝 is the component linked to in other occurrences of 𠦝, so I'm following that here now." by cochleoid
    Components
    • + Sound Abbreviated as 𠦝
    • - 𠦝 Sound

    Changed: components

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved 𠦝 — "[mongo:26JPS7jm4wm4bLNDT] Adding old pronunciations, but I can't figure out how to add modern definitions or pronunciations. " by cochleoid
    Historical pronunciations
    • + OC: *[k]ˤar-s MC: kanH

    Changed: pronunciations

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:wRPxAAMjzcDNPFzq9] Made some mistakes. 韋 rather than 韦 and 韓 in the description and components, respectively." by cochleoid
    Hint
    Phonosemantic compound. 韦 represents the meaning and 𠦝 represents the sound. Phonosemantic compound. 韋 represents the meaning and 𠦝 represents the sound.
    Components
    • + Meaning
    • - Meaning

    Changed: hint, components

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:EZq9ovknmKiLZjrgY] forgot to verify it" by cochleoid
    Verified
    No Yes

    Changed: verified

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:pBaz8MvrXqkcMKHdE] Duplicating component, etymology, and original meaning info from the simplified character." by cochleoid
    Hint
    Phonosemantic compound. 韋 represents the meaning and 倝 represents the sound. Based on the original meaning "fence surrounding a well". The current meaning is a phonetic loan. Phonosemantic compound. 韦 represents the meaning and 𠦝 represents the sound.
    Components
    • + 𠦝 Sound
    • + Meaning
    • - SoundRemnant
    • - Meaning

    Changed: gloss, hint, original meaning, components

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved 𠦝 — "[mongo:fMw6pJJKppcrWuw9f] Added that it's a variant of 倝, component form etymology, gloss of "sunrise". Verifying." by cochleoid

    No field changes detected.

    Changed: gloss, hint, verified

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:CZA66HKu8Cy4MXvS4] Added components with hint for 𠦝, phonosemantic etymology, Baxter-Sagart pronunciations and gloss, Shuowen. Changed gloss from archaic "fence" to modern "Korea"." by cochleoid
    Hint
    Phonosemantic compound. 韦 represents the meaning and 倝 represents the sound. Based on the original meaning "fence surrounding a well". The current meaning is a phonetic loan. Phonosemantic compound. 韦 represents the meaning and 𠦝 represents the sound.
    Components
    • Meaning
      • isFromOriginalMeaning: false true
    • + 𠦝 Sound Abbreviated from 倝
    • - SoundRemnant
    Historical pronunciations
    • + OC: *[g]ˤar MC: han

    Changed: gloss, hint, original meaning, verified, components, sources, pronunciations, shuowenExplanation

    edit character by cochleoid

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:zzXv8wEsiFp8yPdDs] more concise" by Peter Olson
    Hint
    Phonosemantic compound. 冫 here is not the component form of 冰 but a simplification of 氵 based on the original meaning of "light alcohol, dilute wine". 京 represents the sound. Simplified form of 涼. Phonosemantic compound. 冫 is a simplification of 氵 (water), based on the original meaning "light alcohol, dilute wine". 京 represents the sound. Simplified form of 涼.

    Changed: hint

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:WhMD3Yw8axnYY5tpH] Added 叀 as a sound component. Removed component hints. Added the usual phonosemantic "Etymology description". Added "benevolence" as the original meaning, perhaps unnecessarily. Verifying. Source: 漢語多功能字庫" by cochleoid
    Strokes (simplified)
    12 strokes
    12 strokes

    Source: animcjk dong

    Changed: hint, original meaning, verified, components, sources, strokes (simp), fragments (simp), images

    edit character by cochleoid

    approved by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:fegv8vH92NiAmREwQ] Adding that 正 is also a meaning component. Adding which meanings of 正 are relevant to the original meaning of 证. Source: 漢語多功能字庫, although perhaps the meanings matching is a coincidence, but 正 is used to give one of the definitions. Outlier agrees too." by cochleoid
    Components
    • SoundMeaning
      • hint: (empty) The meanings “to correct, make right, rectify” of 正 zhèng indicate the original meaning "to admonish" of 证 zhèng
      • type: sound sound, meaning
    Sources

    Changed: components, sources

    edit character by cochleoid

    approved by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:KWiqjKuB3uSLMtwZj] Adding same original meaning as 涼 ("light alcohol, dilute wine"). Explaining that 冫 here is not the component form of 冰 but a simplification of 氵. This simplified variant actually predates PRC character simplification as I found it in the Kangxi dictionary. Source: 康熙字典|https://ctext.org/dictionary.pl?if=en&id=318959" by cochleoid
    Hint
    Phonosemantic compound. 冫 represents the meaning and 京 represents the sound. Simplified form of 涼. Phonosemantic compound. 冫 here is not the component form of 冰 but a simplification of 氵 based on the original meaning of "light alcohol, dilute wine". 京 represents the sound. Simplified form of 涼.
    Original meaning
    light alcohol, dilute wine
    Components
    • MeaningSimplified
      • hint: 冫 is a component form of 冰. 氵 was simplified to 冫
      • type: meaning meaning, simplified
    Sources

    Changed: hint, original meaning, components, sources

    edit character by cochleoid

    approved by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:GpkpbbWXD5oLMZLeZ] verify" by Peter Olson
    Gloss
    happy refreshing, clear, happy
    Hint
    A person 大 breathing lots of fresh air 爻 Depicts a person (大) carrying things (爻) under each arm. Based on the original meaning "match, pair".
    Original meaning
    match, pair
    Verified
    No Yes
    Components
    • Iconic
      • hint: (empty) Depicts a person.
      • type: meaning iconic
    • Iconic
      • hint: (empty) Depicts a thing carried under the arm.
      • type: meaning, remnant iconic
      • isFromOriginalMeaning: true false
    Historical pronunciations
    • + OC: *sraŋɁ MC: srjangX
    Sources

    Changed: gloss, hint, original meaning, verified, components, sources, pronunciations

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:Cjc2YYTw5HTZNhbiY] I'm not sure how to cite sources. There's an etymological explanation in Outlier but I'm not sure if it's fair to paraphrase that. The old pronunciations are from ABC Etymological Dictionary of Chinese." by cochleoid
    Original meaning
    match, pair a matching pair
    Components
    • Meaning
      • hint: Depicts a person. (empty)
      • type: iconic meaning
    • MeaningRemnant
      • hint: Depicts a thing carried under the arm. (empty)
      • type: iconic meaning, remnant
      • isFromOriginalMeaning: false true
    Historical pronunciations
    • + OC: *sraŋɁ MC: srjangX
    • - zhengzhang
    • - tang

    Changed: original meaning, components, pronunciations

    edit character by cochleoid

    approved by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:H7JMFrsmChAK9e6o4] verify" by Peter Olson

    No field changes detected.

    Changed: gloss, hint, verified, components, sources

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:9cHFbGpZmCRTZFzg5] verify" by Peter Olson

    No field changes detected.

    Changed: gloss, hint, verified, components, sources

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:tH68QsHYRXvCvJGAK] reorder" by Peter Olson
    Strokes (simplified)
    8 strokes
    Historical images
    • + Bronze (Late Warring States (~250 BC))
    • + Seal (Shuowen (~100 AD))
    • + Clerical (Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD))

    Changed: components, strokes (simp), fragments (simp), images

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:2cynvZ3uvKgtXpLdD] 䇂" by Peter Olson
    Hint
    Depicts a woman (女) with a damaged reputation (辛 is a pictograph of a tool used to tattoo the face of criminals as punishment). Depicts a woman (女) with a damaged reputation (䇂 is a pictograph of a tool used to tattoo the face of criminals as punishment).
    Components
    • Iconic
      • type: meaning iconic
    • + Iconic
    • - Meaning

    Changed: hint, components

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:mcfRWks9SyQptBBPi] verify" by Peter Olson

    No field changes detected.

    Changed: verified, sources

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:zwhPzN9JFvC5n99rX] change gloss" by Peter Olson
    Gloss
    bright window

    Changed: gloss

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:KETmMSB6FeD5b8vTz] 厭" by Peter Olson
    Verified
    No Yes
    Stroke count (simplified)
    6
    Strokes (simplified)
    6 strokes
    Stroke fragments (simplified)
    • Component 1: 1-2
    • Component 2: 3-6
    Sources
    • + 李学勤《字源》p.832

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:GdYgLSoQwXQZGLJee] 厲" by Peter Olson
    Verified
    No Yes
    Stroke count (simplified)
    5
    Strokes (simplified)
    5 strokes
    Stroke fragments (simplified)
    • Component 1: 1-2
    • Component 2: 3-5
    Sources

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:sy64kurohJyBAQYMc] 卻" by Peter Olson
    Original meaning
    retreat, withdraw
    Verified
    No Yes
    Stroke count (simplified)
    7
    Strokes (simplified)
    7 strokes
    Stroke fragments (simplified)
    • Component 1: 1-5
    • Component 2: 6-7
    Historical images
    • + Seal (Shuowen (~100 AD))
    • + Clerical (Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD))
    Historical pronunciations
    • + baxter-sagart OC: *[k]ʰak MC: khjak
    Sources

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:2duBmxjLMkBJMio5S] 賣" by Peter Olson
    Verified
    No Yes
    Stroke count (simplified)
    8
    Strokes (simplified)
    8 strokes
    Stroke fragments (simplified)
    • Component 1: 1-2
    • Component 2: 3-8

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:HvxFSghRgcAjjjuv2] 單" by Peter Olson
    Verified
    No Yes
    Stroke count (simplified)
    8
    Strokes (simplified)
    8 strokes

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:Aie7nu9KKmXWsX4cL] 宀" by Peter Olson
    Verified
    No Yes
    Stroke count (simplified)
    2
    Strokes (simplified)
    2 strokes
    Historical images
    • + Bronze (Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC))
    • + Seal (Shuowen (~100 AD))

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:PxrTK6peXerfwJACS] verify" by Peter Olson

    No field changes detected.

    Changed: hint, verified, sources

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:bZbBYvW6EZ3YBaPyf] 艸" by Peter Olson
    Verified
    No Yes
    Stroke count (simplified)
    6

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:NGbSF7g4TYK3jjNM5] 艹" by Peter Olson
    Verified
    No Yes
    Stroke count (simplified)
    6

    edit character by Peter Olson

  • edit character approved — "[mongo:Qp93PxNKy62ts7kpC] 五" by Peter Olson
    Verified
    No Yes
    Sources

    Changed: verified, sources

    edit character by Peter Olson