Recent Changes
edit character approved 臬 — "[mongo:k922ypqgePBmQn6et] 闑 has a reading with all the same GY parameters as 臬 on EDOC, and has data from Baxter 2011, so I filled that in for the old pronunciation. This character is thought by some to be a variant of this one. Stil doesn't look like 自 is a sound component though."
- Historical pronunciations
- + OC: *ŋˤet MC: nget
- Sources
- + 漢語多功能字庫
- + 李学勤 《字源》 p.529
- + The Digital Etymological Dictionary of Old Chinese
Changed: sources, pronunciations
edit character approved 臬 — "[mongo:eNxkNJpWSohyTwZ5n] 自 is used for sound according to 《字源》, although 許慎 said it referred to the pole being at nose height."
- Gloss
- law → guidepost
- Hint
- Remnant of 㓷. Phonosemantic compound. 木 represents the meaning and 𰄩 represents the sound. The current meaning is a phonetic loan. → A wooden (木) pole at nose (自) height used as an arrow target or as a guidepost for measuring the position of the sun by its shadow.
- Components
- + 自 Sound
- - 𰄩 SoundRemnant
Changed: gloss, hint, verified, components, sources
edit character approved 隺 — "[mongo:PqJEYRrcdwc2o3CX8] typo with full width "(""
- Hint
- From a bird (隹) flying up very high. Also borrowed to write 鹤 （crane). → From a bird (隹) flying up very high. Also borrowed to write 鹤 (crane).
Changed: hint
edit character approved 確 — "[mongo:njAMr4njY9dXbET2v] Migrating 寉 to 隺"
- Hint
- Phonosemantic compound. 石 represents the meaning and 寉 represents the sound. → Phonosemantic compound. 石 represents the meaning and 隺 represents the sound.
- Components
- + 隺 Sound
- - 寉 Sound
Changed: hint, components
edit character approved 鶴 — "[mongo:ddH3XvnEZsyGCFt6s] Migrating 寉 to 隺"
- Hint
- Phonosemantic compound. 鳥 represents the meaning and 寉 represents the sound. → Phonosemantic compound. 鳥 represents the meaning and 隺 represents the sound.
- Components
- + 隺 SoundMeaning
- - 寉 SoundMeaning
Changed: hint, components
edit character approved 隺 — "[mongo:pNzRSdETFAbFn68My] I am not sure what "上欲出冂" means, maybe it actually implies that 冖 is a ceiling? It doesn't look the same as other instances of 冖. "
- Gloss
- (crane), very high → very high
- Hint
- Depicts a bird (隹) with a line on its neck to either indicate a crane's long neck or loudness of its call. Based on the original meaning "crane", now written as 鶴. The meaning later shifted to "very high". → From a bird (隹) flying up very high. Also borrowed to write 鹤 （crane).
- Components
- 隹 Meaning
- type: iconic → meaning
- + 冖 Unknown
- - ◎ Iconic
- 隹 Meaning
- Sources
- + 李学勤 《字源》 p.475
- + 《康熙字典》 1364.080
- - 陳劍《“隺”“彖”兩字合證補説》
Changed: gloss, hint, verified, components, sources
edit character approved 蒙 — "[mongo:4iBQuJFb3kSsNfDds] Phonosemantic compound with a rarely used original meaning."
No field changes detected.
Changed: hint, original meaning, verified, components, sources
edit character approved 冃 — "[mongo:ZdbdXbdfEvo83NGMD] The SBGY index for 冃 is 417.42, for 冒 it's 417.50. Everything is the same, including the MC, so I assume the OC reconstruction has to be too. "
- Historical pronunciations
- + OC: *mˤuk-s MC: mawH
Changed: sources, pronunciations
edit character approved 冡 — "[mongo:QitzPhCpgECYXGWEP] On EDOC the "Baxter GY" Middle Chinese is 'muwng', and all the other GY values are the same as 蒙, so I assumed that would mean it has to have the same OC reconstruction as 蒙."
- Hint
- Depicts a hat (冃) and tiger skin (虎), conveying the meaning "cover" by soldiers who fought covered in tiger skins. The 虎 (tiger) component was later rewritten as 豕 (pig). → A hat and tiger skin. Signifies the meaning "cover" by soldiers who fought covered in tiger skins.
- Original meaning
- to cover
- Components
- 冃 SoundMeaning
- type: sound, iconic → sound, meaning
- + 豕 Meaning Originally 虎, later 豕.
- - 虎 Iconic
- 冃 SoundMeaning
- Strokes (simplified)
- 10 strokes→10 strokes
Source: animcjk → dong
- Historical pronunciations
- + OC: *mˤoŋ MC: muwng
- - zhengzhang
Changed: gloss, hint, original meaning, verified, components, sources, strokes (simp), fragments (simp), images, pronunciations
edit character approved 免 — "[mongo:ZCZpQdXw8GMrzmGq9] Updating the gloss to show the component meaning (hat)."
- Gloss
- avoid → (hat), avoid
Changed: gloss
edit character approved 𠓥 — "[mongo:rijxbJiSZd8XxoXc7] Typo. Accidentally removed the "sound" flag rather than the "iconic" flag."
- Components
- 免 Sound
- type: iconic → sound
- 免 Sound
Changed: components
edit character approved 𠓥 — "[mongo:sfPZhSgFDx9g6hQm6] Realized that although it was originally iconic, once a component is phoneticized the "iconic" flag doesn't apply to the character the component phoneticized into."
- Components
- 免 Iconic
- type: sound, iconic → iconic
- 免 Iconic
Changed: components
edit character approved 𠓥 — "[mongo:ZZNJPuAS4WEtMv3ha] Typo"
- Components
- 攴 Iconic
- hint: 鞭 攴 → (empty)
- 攴 Iconic
Changed: components
edit character approved 𠓥 — "[mongo:BW5eFn5rxnz5izCqF] Added strokes and component breakdown."
- Hint
- Old form of 鞭 (whip). → Old form of 鞭 (whip). Originally depicted a hand holding a whip or staff. A cart form was added later which then phoneticized into the old form of 免(crown).
- Components
- + 免 SoundIconic Absent in early forms. Resembled the old form of 丙 (pedestal), thought to depict a cart, before phoneticizing into 免.
- + 攴 Iconic 鞭 攴
- Strokes (simplified)
- 7 strokes
- Historical images
- + Bronze (Late Western Zhou (~800 BC))
- + Seal (Shuowen (~100 AD))
- Sources
- + 季旭昇 《說文新證》 p.188
Changed: hint, components, sources, strokes (simp), fragments (simp), images
edit character approved 便 — "[mongo:Ai7P8WCXEX5BHmupk] Put the component meaning in parenthesis so it'll be clear in 鞭."
- Gloss
- convenience → (whipping a person),convenience
Changed: gloss
edit character approved 𠓥 — "[mongo:hNAtk5gGL3bX5RmFm] Fixing the gloss to be consistent."
- Gloss
- whip (n.) → whip
- Verified
- No → Yes
Changed: gloss, verified
edit character approved 𠓥 — "[mongo:Dg64wcubsqwZKoMFo] Just a reference to the modern form. "
- Hint
- Original form of 鞭 (whip). Depicts a hand holding a whip or a staff. 免 was later added as sound component. → Old form of 鞭 (whip).
Changed: hint
edit character approved 便 — "[mongo:v79wMcHh8M5ErDZcd] Replaced the Shuowen paraphrase with how it isn't related to 更 (change). Both the sound and meaning come from an old form of 鞭 (whip)"
- Hint
- When uncomfortable, a person (亻) will change (更) to a more convenient (便) position. → From 亻 (person) and 𠓥 (whip). Original meaning related to whipping people, now written 鞭 (whip). Other meanings are phonetic loans.
- Original meaning
- whipping a person
- Components
- 亻 Meaning
- isFromOriginalMeaning: (empty) → true
- + 𠓥 SoundMeaning This is the only character where the form of 更 (more) is used for 𠓥 (whip).
- - 更 Meaning
- 亻 Meaning
- Sources
- + 漢語多功能字庫
- + 李学勤 《字源》 p.711
- + The Outlier Linguistics Dictionary of Chinese Characters
Changed: hint, original meaning, components, sources
edit character approved 更 — "[mongo:ELt4MWmJDxpdN3cHm] Redefining as an iconic character that later had various "movement/action" meaning components added, with the original iconic depiction becoming a single merged and then re-phoneticized component. Mentioning confusion with early form of whip."
- Hint
- Phonosemantic compound. 攴 represents the meaning and 丙 represents the sound. Based on the original meaning "whip", now written as 鞭. The meaning later shifted to "change" and "more". → Depicts a succession of chariots. The meaning later extended from "continue" to "further", "more", "alternate", "replace", and "change". Its historical form 㪅 was confused with 𠓥 (whip).
- Original meaning
- continue
- Components
- 攴 Meaning
- hint: (empty) → Originally absent, this component appeared without changing the meaning as 辶 (movement) or 攴 (tap), then 又 (hand) or 攴, with 攴 becoming most common.
- 丙 SoundIconic
- hint: The pronunciation of 更 was similar to 丙 in old Chinese, but they no longer sound similar in modern Mandarin due to historical phonetic changes. → The pair of chariots later merged becoming the unrelated but visually and phonetically similar 丙 (pedestal), which itself became merged with the other component.
- type: sound → sound, iconic
- isOldPronunciation: (empty) → true
- 攴 Meaning
- Sources
- + 漢語多功能字庫
- + 季旭昇 《說文新證》 p.241
- + 李学勤 《字源》 p.254
- + The Outlier Linguistics Dictionary of Chinese Characters
Changed: hint, original meaning, components, sources
edit character approved 變 — "[mongo:ZcnSwHKNKBK3E6DmL] 攵 instead of 夂"
- Components
- + 攵 Meaning
- - 夂 Meaning
Changed: components
edit character approved 賁 — "[mongo:d8hiT86YNPgoRrTqF] Added quotes around the meaning"
- Hint
- Phonosemantic compound. 貝 represents the meaning, 卉 represents the sound. Originally meant adornment. Later meanings are phonetic loans. → Phonosemantic compound. 貝 represents the meaning, 卉 represents the sound. Originally meant "adornment". Later meanings are phonetic loans.
Changed: hint
edit character approved 卉 — "[mongo:uP8AkzXTYYBRWNsqH] Added original form 芔 and mentioned how as a component this is most likely not referring to grass. Baxter's spreadsheet doesn't have this character, but Digital EDOC had it and characters that Baxter did have (卉芔諱虺), so I was able to get the old chinese and middle chinese in the same format."
- Hint
- Depicts a group of plants (屮, 艹). → Depicts a group of plants (屮, 艹). Originally written as 芔 (屮, 艸) resulting in its erroneous replacement of the once visually similar but unrelated form of 犇 (run) within some characters.
- Historical pronunciations
- + MC: xjw+jH
Changed: hint, sources, pronunciations
edit character approved 賁 — "[mongo:PqmeatZ4TyNc9cEqa] Added the flag for old pronunciations to show, since bi4 isn't intuitive."
- Components
- 犇 Sound
- isOldPronunciation: (empty) → true
- 犇 Sound
Changed: components
edit character approved 賁 — "[mongo:YY2T4wxvhPMHfRsyY] Comparing the old pronunciations of 犇,奔,賁,卉, and 芔 makes it clear that 犇 was the 卉 that the Shuowen says is a sound component. "
- Hint
- Phonosemantic compound. 貝 represents the meaning and 卉 represents the sound. Based on the original meaning "adornment". The current meaning is a phonetic loan. → Phonosemantic compound. 貝 represents the meaning, 卉 represents the sound. Originally meant adornment. Later meanings are phonetic loans.
- Components
- 犇 Sound
- hint: (empty) → 卉 is the modern component form of 犇
- 犇 Sound
Changed: hint, original meaning, verified, components, sources
edit character approved 犇 — "[mongo:iitRKJdbGDgjd6iLF] Added stroke data and components. Explained it's originally the bottom part of 奔, and its modern component form is 卉. Checked that old pronunciation is the same as 奔."
- Hint
- Depicts three feet (止) to indicate hurried movement. Not related to 牛 (cow) in the modern form. → Three 止 (foot) to indicate hurried movement. Originally the bottom part of 奔 (run), later written on its own as its variant. Modern component form is written as 卉 which standalone indicates an entirely different character, 卉 (grass).
- Strokes (simplified)
- 12 strokes→12 strokes
- Historical pronunciations
- + OC: *pˤur MC: pwon
- - zhengzhang
Changed: hint, verified, components, sources, strokes (simp), fragments (simp), images, pronunciations
edit character approved 奔 — "[mongo:NtPgWmvQAm47MB9aL] Explained etymology in terms of 走 and mentioned confusion between 卉 here and 芔."
- Hint
- Depicts a running person (夭) with more than one 止 (foot) components to indicate faster movement. Similar in origin to 走. → Like 走 (walk), depicts a 大 (man) but with more than one 止 (foot) to indicate faster movement.
- Components
- 犇 Iconic
- hint: Depicted three feet. → Originally depicted three 止 (foot). Later written on its own as 犇(run) to mean the same as 奔 (run). Seal script form became confused with 芔 (grass), the original form of standalone 卉 (grass).
- type: sound, iconic → iconic
- + 大 Iconic
- - 夭 Iconic
- 犇 Iconic
- Sources
- 漢語多功能字庫
- - 季旭昇《說文新證》p.768
Changed: hint, verified, components, sources
edit character approved 蚩 — "[mongo:PRLyvyZ3yjYqqaN2T] remove duplicated detail"
- Components
- 㞢 Sound
- hint: 㞢 is an ancient form of 之 → (empty)
- 㞢 Sound
Changed: components
edit character approved 蚩 — "[mongo:dC6XMWFe9Sby6wJj4] Consistent 㞢 in description and components"
- Components
- + 㞢 Sound 㞢 is an ancient form of 之
- - 之 Sound
Changed: components
edit character approved 㞢 — "[mongo:EHevBEGTYiGTCcGkS] verify"
No field changes detected.
Changed: hint, verified, sources
edit character approved 隶 — "[mongo:v7m3dCjrgMcFEmkmY] note original meaning preserved in 逮"
- Hint
- Depicts a hand (又) grabbing a tail (尾) from behind. Also used as the simplified form of 隸. → Depicts a hand (又) grabbing a tail (尾) from behind. Based on the original meaning "catch from behind", now written as 逮. Also used as the simplified form of 隸.
- Original meaning
- catch from behind
Changed: hint, original meaning
edit character approved 隶 — "[mongo:4aZGy2MGEHvcBTRrF] note simplified use"
- Hint
- Depicts a hand (又) grabbing a tail (尾) from behind. → Depicts a hand (又) grabbing a tail (尾) from behind. Also used as the simplified form of 隸.
Changed: hint
edit character approved 隶 — "[mongo:7Wv4tfkkGy5CuxwaM] use consistent character 又 in description and components"
- Hint
- A hand 彐 grabbing a tail from behind. → Depicts a hand (又) grabbing a tail (尾) from behind.
Changed: hint
edit character approved 菐 — "[mongo:d7J3qW9hvStgL7g2x] see also 對"
- Hint
- Depicts two hands (廾) holding a chisel-shaped weapon or tool (丵) to beat against something. Based on the original meaning "beat against", now written as 撲. → Depicts two hands (廾) holding a chisel-shaped weapon or tool (丵) to beat against something. Based on the original meaning "beat against", now written as 撲. Similar in origin to 對.
Changed: hint
edit character approved 仆 — "[mongo:GgG3iTYn39xkHpqgk] verify"
No field changes detected.
Changed: verified
edit character approved 僕 — "[mongo:rRTnrgZ5qRfme85R8] verify"
No field changes detected.
Changed: gloss, hint, verified, sources
edit character approved 撲 — "[mongo:pqgf3wZoAbxRE4BMZ] sound and meaning component"
- Components
- 菐 SoundMeaning
- type: sound → sound, meaning
- 菐 SoundMeaning
Changed: components
edit character approved 菐 — "[mongo:Q4fs3uSePN4GMgc5X] verify"
- Gloss
- a thicket → (beat against), tedious
- Hint
- Original form of 撲. Depicts a hand (又) holding a chisel-shaped weapon or tool (丵). Based on the original meaning "to beat". → Depicts two hands (廾) holding a chisel-shaped weapon or tool (丵) to beat against something. Based on the original meaning "beat against", now written as 撲.
- Original meaning
- beat against
- Verified
- No → Yes
- Components
- + 廾 Iconic Depicts a two hands.
- - 又 Iconic
- Strokes (simplified)
- 12 strokes
- Historical images
- + Oracle ((~1250-1000 BC))
- + Bronze (Late Western Zhou (~800 BC))
- + Seal (Shuowen (~100 AD))
- + Clerical (Eastern Han dynasty (25-220 AD))
- Sources
- + 季旭昇《說文新證》p.171-172
Changed: gloss, hint, original meaning, verified, components, sources, strokes (simp), fragments (simp), images
edit character approved 蚩 — "[mongo:GoxXQ3YzCPEko8Ruh] Added usual phonosemantic etymology and fixed components."
- Components
- + 之 Sound 㞢 is an ancient form of 之
- - 㞢 Sound
- Strokes (simplified)
- 10 strokes→10 strokes
Source: animcjk → dong
Changed: hint, verified, components, strokes (simp), fragments (simp), images
edit character approved 任 — "[mongo:tiSnx3sZ25RXycDm3] Added the original meaning"
- Original meaning
- to hold in arms
Changed: original meaning, sources
edit character approved 壬 — "[mongo:BmmPjB8f54DJBaXgs] Adding etymology and gloss for "thread spool", according to Outlier from a rather recent source which I did not have a copy of."
- Gloss
- 9th heavenly stem → (thread spool),9th heavenly stem
- Hint
- Origin unclear. → Depicts a spool of thread. The modern meaning "9th heavenly stem" is a phonetic loan.
- Original meaning
- thread spool
Changed: gloss, hint, original meaning, sources
edit character approved 何 — "[mongo:XutaQ3jbRLtEzMhB2] Added that the current meaning is a phonetic loan."
- Hint
- Depiction of a man carrying an axe on over his shoulders. The right side of the form was later phoneticized into 可. → Depiction of a man carrying an axe on over his shoulders. The right side of the form was later phoneticized into 可. The current meaning "what" is a phonetic loan.
Changed: hint
edit character approved 何 — "[mongo:CTXzW5pjbABjpt3yJ] Added original iconographic meaning and etymology."
- Hint
- Phonosemantic compound. 亻 represents the meaning and 可 represents the sound. → Depiction of a man carrying an axe on over his shoulders. The right side of the form was later phoneticized into 可.
- Original meaning
- shoulder a burden
- Components
- 亻 Meaning
- isFromOriginalMeaning: (empty) → true
- 亻 Meaning
Changed: hint, original meaning, components
edit character approved 逮 — "[mongo:s5wicDz2NH2RDhZjZ] typo in etymology"
- Hint
- Phonosemantic compound. Both 辶 (movement) and 隶 (seize) represent the meaning, 隶 resents the sound. → Phonosemantic compound. Both 辶 (movement) and 隶 (seize) represent the meaning, 隶 represents the sound.
Changed: hint
edit character approved 逮 — "[mongo:bwcR2QXeCGkHzeyJ6] Added usual phonosemantic etymology and updated 隶 dai4 as both a sound and meaning component."
- Hint
- Phonosemantic compound. Both 辶 (movement) and 隶 (seize) represent the meaning, 隶 resents the sound.
Changed: hint, verified, components
edit character approved 隸 — "[mongo:P3RvPy3hdMz82R3r2] Sound and meaning component were swapped. Filled in the usual phonosemantic etymology template for no other reason than consistency."
- Hint
- Phonosemantic compound. 柰 represents the sound and 隶 represents the meaning. → Phonosemantic compound. 柰 represents the sound, 隶 represents the meaning.
Changed: hint, verified, components, sources
edit character approved 隶 — "[mongo:pkxC64Wy5MnJSbEqa] Updated etymology, components, and original meaning."
- Hint
- Depicts a hand (又) grabbing a tail (尾) from behind. Based on the original meaning "catch from behind", now written as 逮. In simplified Chinese 隶 is also used to mean "subservient", while in traditional Chinese this meaning is written with a separate character 隸. → A hand 彐 grabbing a tail from behind.
- Original meaning
- catch from behind → to catch from behind
- Components
- 尾 Iconic
- hint: Derived from the pictographic form of 尾 (tail). → Derives from an ancient and simpler form of 尾 (tail)
- 尾 Iconic
- Sources
- + 漢語多功能字庫
- - 季旭昇《說文新證》p.221-222
Changed: hint, original meaning, verified, components, sources
edit character approved 猜 — "[mongo:Ety5gf3dJ5Er6pTsh] Added the original meaning to explain 犭and mentioned how the current meanings derived from it."
- Hint
- Phonosemantic compound. 犭 represents the meaning and 青 represents the sound. → Phonosemantic compound. 犭 represents the meaning and 青 represents the sound. Meanings derived from resentful suspicion.
- Original meaning
- viciously resent
- Components
- 犭 Meaning
- hint: 犭 is a component form of 犬. → 犭(dog, animal) signifies animalistic sentiment.
- isFromOriginalMeaning: (empty) → true
- 犭 Meaning
Changed: hint, original meaning, components
edit character approved 箭 — "[mongo:453PZ2WzzLTB6Lavs] verify"
No field changes detected.
Changed: verified, sources
edit character approved 前 — "[mongo:BS8gPhZxoJAgRcMCf] more concise explanation while trying to preserve all of the details"
- Hint
- Phonetic loan, originally from 歬. 歬 depicts washing feet but became used phonetically to mean both "cut" and "in front". An added 刂 (knife) once distinguished 前 as the original form of "cut", but later this too became used phonetically for the current meaning "in front". A later 刀 (knife) continues to distinguish 剪 as the current form of "cut", which left "in front" to become the sole meaning of 前. → Phonosemantic compound. 歬 represents the sound, and 刂 represents the meaning. Based on the original meaning "cut", now written as 剪. The current meaning "in front" is a phonetic loan.
- Components
- 歬 Sound
- hint: Depicts washing feet. Once the phonetic loan for both "cut" and "in front". → (empty)
- 歬 Sound
Changed: hint, components, sources
edit character approved 前 — "[mongo:tD7i7hzfAkZLDTPc9] I think 刂 here was used for the meaning "cut" rather than part of an iconic depiction involving the form of a knife. 刂 is a meaning component in the other phonosemantic characters like 刻."
- Components
- 刂 Meaning
- type: iconic → meaning
- 刂 Meaning
Changed: components