- 中国人 zhōngguórén Chinese persona person from China; the Chinese people
- 中国共产党 zhōngguógòngchǎndǎng Communist Party of Chinathe ruling political party of the People's Republic of China, often abbreviated as [[中共|中共|zhong1 gong4]]
- 发展中国家 fāzhǎnzhōngguójiā developing countryA nation with low average income, a less developed industrial base, and a lower human development index compared to others; distinguished from a [[发达国家|發達國家|fa1 da2 guo2 jia1]]; in Taiwan, usually called [[开发中国家|開發中國家|kai1 fa1 zhong1 guo2 jia1]]
- 中国银行 zhōngguóyínháng Bank of ChinaBank of China (BoC); one of the major commercial banks in China, established in 1912 to replace the Bank of the Great Qing
- 新中国 xīnzhōngguó New ChinaRefers to the People's Republic of China established on October 1, 1949.
- 中国人民银行 zhōngguórénmínyínháng People's Bank of Chinathe central bank of the People's Republic of China, often abbreviated as the PBOC
- 中国大陆 zhōngguódàlù mainland Chinathe mainland of China, usually excluding the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau and the region of Taiwan
- 中国人民解放军 zhōngguórénmínjiěfàngjūn People's Liberation ArmyPeople's Liberation Army (PLA); the unified armed forces of the People's Republic of China.
- 中国科学院 zhōngguókēxuéyuàn Chinese Academy of SciencesThe national academy for the natural sciences of the People's Republic of China, established in 1949 and headquartered in Beijing.
- 中国区 zhōngguóqū China properthe traditional geographic core of China, often excluding outlying territories like Tibet, Xinjiang, and Inner Mongolia
- 中国日报 zhōngguórìbào China DailyChina Daily, an English-language newspaper published in China
- 中国青年报 zhōngguóqīngniánbào China Youth DailyAn official national daily newspaper in China published by the Communist Youth League of China
- 中国社会科学院 zhōngguóshèhuìkēxuéyuàn Chinese Academy of Social SciencesThe premier academic organization in mainland China for study in the social sciences and humanities; often abbreviated as [[社科院|社科院|she4 ke1 yuan4]] or CASS.
- 中国工商银行 zhōngguógōngshāngyínháng Industrial and Commercial Bank of ChinaIndustrial and Commercial Bank of China (ICBC)
- 中国式 zhōngguóshì Chinese styleChinese style; à la chinoise
- 中国工程院 zhōngguógōngchéngyuàn Chinese Academy of EngineeringThe Chinese Academy of Engineering, which is the national academy of the People's Republic of China for engineering and technology
- 中国化 zhōngguóhuà to sinicizeto sinicize; to take on Chinese characteristics or adapt to Chinese culture
- 中国农业银行 zhōngguónóngyèyínháng Agricultural Bank of ChinaAgricultural Bank of China; one of the four largest commercial banks in China
- 中国证券监督管理委员会 zhōngguózhèngquànjiāndūguǎnlǐwěiyuánhuì China Securities Regulatory CommissionChina Securities Regulatory Commission (CSRC); the agency of the Chinese central government that regulates the national securities and futures markets
- 中国画 zhōngguóhuà Chinese paintingTraditional Chinese painting using brush and ink on paper or silk; also known as [[国画|國畫|guo2 hua4]].
- 中国政法大学 zhōngguózhèngfǎdàxué China University of Political Science and LawChina University of Political Science and Law; a major public research university in Beijing specializing in law, arts, economics, management, and history
- 中国人民政治协商会议 zhōngguórénmínzhèngzhìxiéshānghuìyì CPPCCChinese People's Political Consultative Conference; China's top political advisory body
- 中国国际广播电台 zhōngguóguójìguǎngbōdiàntái China Radio InternationalThe external broadcasting service of the People's Republic of China, commonly abbreviated as CRI
- 中国共产党中央委员会 zhōngguógòngchǎndǎngzhōngyāngwěiyuánhuì Central Committee of the Chinese Communist PartyThe highest authority within the Communist Party of China; abbreviated to [[中共中央|中共中央|zhong1 gong4 zhong1 yang1]]
- 中国话 zhōngguóhuà spoken ChineseThe Chinese language; specifically the spoken forms of Chinese.
- 中国城 zhōngguóchéng ChinatownA district in a non-Chinese city where many Chinese people live and conduct business.
- 中国籍 zhōngguójí Chinese nationalityBeing of Chinese nationality; a person of Chinese citizenship
- 中国美术馆 zhōngguóměishùguǎn National Art Museum of ChinaThe National Art Museum of China (NAMOC) located in Beijing
- 中国作协 zhōngguózuòxié China Writers AssociationAn abbreviation for [[中国作家协会|中國作家協會|zhong1 guo2 zuo4 jia1 xie2 hui4]], the official professional organization for writers in China.
- 中国地质大学 zhōngguódìzhìdàxué China University of Geosciencesa public university in China specializing in geosciences, with campuses in Beijing and Wuhan
- 中国通 zhōngguótōng China experta person, especially a foreigner, who has a deep and extensive knowledge of Chinese language, culture, history, and current affairs; an old China hand
- 中国石油天然气集团公司 zhōngguóshíyóutiānránqìjítuángōngsī China National Petroleum CorporationChina National Petroleum Corporation (CNPC)
- 中国进出口银行 zhōngguójìnchūkǒuyínháng Export-Import Bank of Chinathe state-owned bank of China responsible for supporting foreign trade and investment
- 中国概念股 zhōngguógàiniàngǔ China concept stockstocks in companies whose assets or earnings have significant activities in mainland China, often listed on foreign stock exchanges
- 中国国际航空公司 zhōngguóguójìhángkōnggōngsī Air ChinaAir China Ltd.; China International Aviation Company
- 中国地震局 zhōngguódìzhènjú China Earthquake AdministrationState Seismological Bureau of the People's Republic of China; governmental body responsible for earthquake monitoring and mitigation
- 中国海洋石油总公司 zhōngguóhǎiyángshíyóuzǒnggōngsī CNOOCChina National Offshore Oil Corporation; abbreviated as [[中海油|中海油|zhong1 hai3 you2]]
- 中国航天科技集团公司 zhōngguóhángtiānkējìjítuángōngsī China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporationmain contractor for the Chinese space program and successor to the China Aerospace Corporation
- 中国旅行社 zhōngguólǚxíngshè China Travel ServiceChina Travel Service, a major state-owned travel agency in China
- 中国人民保险公司 zhōngguórénmínbǎoxiǎngōngsī People's Insurance Company of Chinathe People's Insurance Company of China (PICC), a major state-owned insurance group
- 中国新闻社 zhōngguóxīnwénshè China News ServiceChina News Service (CNS); a state-owned news agency in China primarily focused on providing news to Chinese communities outside mainland China
- 中国保险监督管理委员会 zhōngguóbǎoxiǎnjiāndūguǎnlǐwěiyuánhuì China Insurance Regulatory CommissionChina Insurance Regulatory Commission (CIRC)
- 中国国民党革命委员会 zhōngguóguómíndǎnggémìngwěiyuánhuì Revolutionary Committee of the KuomintangRevolutionary Committee of the Chinese Kuomintang; one of the eight registered political parties in China
- 中国字 zhōngguózì Chinese charactersChinese characters; the Chinese written language, specifically referring to [[汉字|漢字|han4 zi4]]
- 中国石油化工股份有限公司 zhōngguóshíyóuhuàgōnggǔfènyǒuxiàngōngsī SinopecChina Petroleum and Chemical Corporation; one of China's major state-owned oil and gas companies
- 中国致公党 zhōngguózhìgōngdǎng China Zhi Gong PartyOne of the eight legally recognized minor political parties in China that follows the direction of the Communist Party
- 中国国际信托投资公司 zhōngguóguójìxìntuōtóuzīgōngsī CITICChina International Trust and Investment Company; CITIC
- 中国地质调查局 zhōngguódìzhìdiàochájú China Geological SurveyChina Geological Survey (CGS)
- 中国同盟会 zhōngguótóngménghuì Tongmenghuithe United League of China, Sun Yat-sen's revolutionary alliance for democracy founded in 1905 and predecessor to the Kuomintang