- 主观能动性 zhǔguānnéngdòngxìng subjective initiativeconscious activity; the capacity of human beings to recognize and transform the world through practice based on objective laws
- 主观主义 zhǔguānzhǔyì subjectivismA way of thinking or acting based solely on personal impressions and desires rather than objective facts.
- 主观性 zhǔguānxìng subjectivitythe quality or condition of being based on personal feelings, tastes, or opinions rather than objective facts
- 主观唯心主义 zhǔguānwéixīnzhǔyì subjective idealismA branch of philosophy that denies the objective existence of the physical world, asserting that an individual's thoughts, feelings, and consciousness are the root of all things and that the material world is merely a product of the mind.
- 主观唯心论 zhǔguānwéixīnlùn subjective idealismthe philosophical theory that objects and the external world exist only as perceptions or mental states of the subject