- 伊斯兰教 yīsīlánjiào IslamThe monotheistic religion founded by Muhammad in the 7th century, based on the [[古兰经|古蘭經|gu3 lan2 jing1]].
- 伊斯兰堡 yīsīlánbǎo IslamabadIslamabad, the capital city of Pakistan
- 伊斯兰圣战组织 yīsīlánshèngzhànzǔzhī Islamic JihadThe Islamic Jihad movement, specifically referring to the Palestinian militant organization
- 伊斯兰教徒 yīsīlánjiàotú MuslimA person who follows the religion of Islam, believing in Allah and the Quran.
- 伊斯兰马巴德 yīsīlánmǎbādé IslamabadIslamabad, capital city of Pakistan; the name is used primarily in Taiwan
- 伊朗伊斯兰共和国 yīlǎngyīsīlángònghéguó Islamic Republic of IranCountry in Southwest Asia between the Persian Gulf and the Caspian Sea; formerly known as [[波斯|波斯|bo1 si1]]; abbreviated as [[伊朗|伊朗|yi1 lang3]].
- 巴基斯坦伊斯兰共和国 bājīsītǎnyīsīlángònghéguó Islamic Republic of PakistanOfficial name of Pakistan, a country in South Asia; bordering Iran, Afghanistan, China, and India.
- 茅利塔尼亚伊斯兰共和国 máolìtǎníyàyīsīlángònghéguó Islamic Republic of Mauritaniafull official name of Mauritania, a country in Northwest Africa
- 葛摩伊斯兰联邦共和国 gěmóyīsīlánliánbānggònghéguó Federal Islamic Republic of the Comorosthe former official name of the Comoros, an island country in the Indian Ocean
- 东突厥斯坦伊斯兰运动 dōngtūjuésītǎnyīsīlányùndòng East Turkestan Islamic MovementEast Turkestan Islamic Movement (ETIM)
- 阿富汗伊斯兰国 āfùhànyīsīlánguó Islamic State of Afghanistanofficial name of the Afghan state between 1992 and 2002
- 中国伊斯兰教协会 zhōngguóyīsīlánjiàoxiéhuì Islamic Association of ChinaAn official organization representing the Muslim community in the People's Republic of China; often referred to in English as the Chinese Patriotic Islamic Association
- 伊斯兰国 yīsīlánguó Islamic nationsMuslim countries collectively; the caliphate
- 伊斯兰教历 yīsīlánjiàolì Islamic calendarThe Islamic lunar calendar, which began in 622 CE and alternates months of 29 and 30 days.