- 大儿子 dà'érzi oldest sonthe eldest son in a family
- 干儿子 gān'érzi godsonan adopted son or godson in a traditional context, typically involving a formal recognition of the relationship without legal adoption
- 墓生儿子 mùshēng'érzi posthumous childa child born after the death of their father
- 寡妇死儿子 guǎfusǐ'érzi hopeless(xiehouyu) to have no hope left; describes a situation with no future prospects, referring to the traditional belief that a widow who loses her only son has no one left to support her in old age
- 龟儿子 guī'érzi bastard(slang) A term of abuse used to call someone a bastard or a son of a bitch; originally referred to a man who ran a brothel or a cuckold.