To turn abstract or intangible things into something concrete, visible, or measurable

the state or quality of being specific or real; concreteness or corporeality

complete in all its parts but on a smaller scale; a microcosm

A noun that refers to a physical object or material substance that can be perceived with the senses; the opposite of an [[抽象名词|抽象名詞|chou1 xiang4 ming2 ci2]].

To be specific to; to apply to a specific case; to embody or manifest in a particular form.

In economics, a specific form of labor defined by its purpose, tools, and methods, which creates a specific useful value; contrasted with [[抽象劳动|抽象勞動|chou1 xiang4 lao2 dong4]].

a concrete plan; a definite plan

to explain in concrete terms; to give a detailed account

a specific, tangible, or particular problem or matter under consideration