Relating to criminal law or legal cases involving violations of the penal code, as opposed to civil law ([[民事|民事|min2 shi4]])

the legal punishment of execution for a crime; capital punishment

a limited term of imprisonment, meaning any prison sentence less than life imprisonment; the offender is confined and required to perform labor for a set duration

penal code; the body of laws that defines criminal offenses and specifies their punishment

The branch of the police force that handles criminal investigations; also used for individual officers in this branch.

to serve a prison sentence; to carry out a sentence imposed by a court

To detain a suspect for investigation; a compulsory measure used by police or prosecutors in criminal cases to temporarily deprive a suspect of their freedom.

Abbreviation for [[刑事侦查|刑事偵查|xing2 shi4 zhen1 cha2]]; the process of gathering evidence and investigating a crime.

to sentence a criminal to a legal punishment such as prison

penalty or legal sanction imposed on a criminal according to the law

The length of time a person is sentenced to serve in prison as determined by a court of law

To carry out a punishment or execution, especially a death sentence

A legal punishment where a convict's prison sentence is delayed for a period of time, often called probation; if the convict does not break the law during this time, the sentence is never served.

to assess a crime and determine the appropriate penalty; to sentence according to the law

to take into criminal custody; criminal detention. This is an abbreviation for [[刑事拘留|刑事拘留|xing2 shi4 ju1 liu2]].

a criminal sentence that deprives a convict of their liberty for the rest of their natural life

cruel punishment; torture

To reduce, commute, or shorten a judicial sentence; a court-ordered reduction of a penalty based on a prisoner's good behavior or other legal criteria.

severe punishment; cruel torture; strict law

The law or code governing the conduct of criminal trials and legal actions

a form of execution where a person is put to death by hanging or garrotting

criminal procedure or suit; the legal process used to determine whether a suspect is guilty and what punishment should be applied

A criminal penalty that deprives an offender of their freedom by imprisoning them for a period of time; it is categorized into [[有期徒刑|有期徒刑|you3 qi1 tu2 xing2]] and [[无期徒刑|無期徒刑|wu2 qi1 tu2 xing2]].

The act of interrogating someone using torture, or to perform such an interrogation

A criminal who has been sentenced to death.

(historical) One of the six ministries of imperial China, responsible for legal affairs, justice, and the prison system; renamed [[法部|法部|fa3 bu4]] in 1906.

punishment carried out by an individual or a group without legal authority; illegal punishment by a kangaroo court

a heavy sentence or severe physical punishment given to a criminal

place where prisoners are executed or put to death

A police unit responsible for the investigation and prevention of crimes

criminal law; the legal statutes governing crimes and punishments

Instruments used for punishing prisoners, extracting confessions, or restraint; punishment equipment.

To carry out a legal physical penalty or punishment

execution of a criminal by means of electric current, such as the electric chair

A frame with a noose used for execution by hanging; a gibbet. Also called [[绞架|絞架|jiao3 jia4]].

A headless giant hero in Chinese mythology who continued to fight after being decapitated by the Yellow Emperor [[黄帝|黃帝|huang2 di4]]

The most severe punishment for a crime; capital punishment or execution

criminal offense; criminal act

A court of law responsible for hearing and deciding criminal cases.

to sentence or condemn a criminal to a punishment according to law

to be punished; specifically to undergo physical punishment, torture, or execution

(abbreviation) a court responsible for hearing criminal cases

Being on the verge of being put to death; just before a death sentence is carried out.

to increase a criminal sentence or penalty; to give a heavier punishment

(bound form) specific designations or categories of criminal penalties

(historical) a department in a local government office in charge of legal cases and judicial records; one of the six departments in a district magistrate's office

harsh punishments and severe laws; draconian legislation

to use torture; to use instruments of torture on a suspect during questioning

caning or flogging; a form of corporal punishment involving being struck with a whip or rod