{"type":"character","character":{"character":"初","codepoint":"U+521D","gloss":"beginning","iconicGloss":null,"hint":"Depicts cutting out fabric (衤) with a knife (刀), the first step in making clothes.","originalMeaning":null,"strokeCountSimp":7,"strokeCountTrad":7,"isVerified":true,"components":[{"hint":"衤 is a component form of 衣. ","type":["iconic"],"character":"衤","pinyin":["yī"],"gloss":"clothes","iconicGloss":null},{"hint":null,"type":["iconic"],"character":"刀","pinyin":["dāo"],"gloss":"knife","iconicGloss":null}],"customSources":["漢語多功能字庫|http://humanum.arts.cuhk.edu.hk/Lexis/lexi-mf/search.php?word=%E5%88%9D"],"simplifiedVariants":null,"traditionalVariants":null,"variantOf":null,"junDaRank":667,"junDaFrequency":58587,"junDaPerMillion":302.768906845128,"subtlexRank":1136,"subtlexCount":3740,"subtlexPerMillion":79.84,"subtlexContextDiversity":2222,"hsk2Level":5,"hsk3Level":3,"strokeDataSimp":{"source":"dong","medians":[[[319,826],[409,770],[432,733]],[[115,547],[180,532],[291,563],[342,584],[373,588],[401,580],[390,545],[372,514],[256,360],[184,286],[116,230],[67,199]],[[305,374],[307,345],[321,316],[308,92],[314,22]],[[464,459],[476,435],[430,384],[422,386]],[[373,382],[436,339],[464,297]],[[523,539],[547,530],[594,534],[808,580],[836,574],[854,557],[827,307],[801,197],[779,143],[758,117],[734,103],[633,163]],[[613,513],[647,490],[629,398],[601,318],[574,265],[512,179],[470,135],[406,85]]],"strokes":["M 342 782 Q 372 757 403 726 Q 418 713 435 713 Q 447 714 452 729 Q 458 745 447 777 Q 435 811 336 835 Q 320 839 312 835 Q 306 831 308 817 Q 312 804 342 782 Z","M 305 383 Q 339 426 377 478 Q 416 533 466 569 Q 484 582 470 599 Q 448 615 416 628 Q 391 638 372 626 Q 284 563 122 557 Q 109 560 105 551 Q 102 539 118 528 Q 154 504 184 503 Q 208 509 333 560 Q 351 567 356 559 Q 360 549 347 526 Q 262 378 77 213 Q 61 201 64 197 Q 67 194 81 199 Q 174 239 278 352 L 305 383 Z","M 278 352 Q 312 283 278 117 Q 260 72 296 19 Q 297 16 302 12 Q 318 -4 330 22 Q 345 62 344 107 Q 343 267 348 303 Q 355 330 346 340 Q 322 365 305 383 C 284 405 266 380 278 352 Z","M 429 370 Q 478 406 505 420 Q 518 424 514 432 Q 510 444 494 457 Q 479 470 462 471 Q 452 470 452 456 Q 455 444 413 377 C 397 352 405 352 429 370 Z","M 413 377 Q 380 395 368 391 Q 364 388 364 378 Q 367 369 386 351 Q 414 326 442 294 Q 452 284 464 283 Q 473 283 477 293 Q 481 303 477 327 Q 473 346 445 364 Q 438 368 429 370 L 413 377 Z","M 658 531 Q 725 547 792 554 Q 805 555 809 548 Q 818 532 815 485 Q 805 317 775 228 Q 760 173 742 155 Q 730 142 705 149 Q 671 159 640 169 Q 616 176 633 154 Q 679 105 705 65 Q 715 44 737 50 Q 756 54 781 82 Q 853 157 870 442 Q 874 505 898 543 Q 914 564 905 573 Q 890 592 856 606 Q 831 619 805 607 Q 682 555 531 548 Q 515 549 514 541 Q 513 532 532 520 Q 554 504 577 512 Q 590 516 605 519 L 658 531 Z","M 605 519 Q 629 386 520 228 Q 517 225 516 222 Q 485 174 402 90 Q 395 81 402 79 Q 409 78 420 84 Q 483 118 532 171 Q 619 256 667 435 Q 677 463 689 492 Q 696 502 689 512 Q 682 521 658 531 C 631 544 601 549 605 519 Z"]},"strokeDataTrad":{"source":"animcjk","medians":[[[311,826],[448,727]],[[110,551],[180,532],[374,596],[425,570],[232,335],[71,202]],[[295,378],[321,319],[307,11]],[[463,467],[478,428],[422,375]],[[373,383],[440,335],[465,288]],[[520,541],[573,531],[817,581],[861,546],[819,268],[772,132],[724,98],[632,165]],[[611,526],[650,492],[592,301],[522,192],[407,85]]],"strokes":["M342,782Q372,757 403,726Q418,713 435,713Q447,714 452,729Q458,745 447,777Q435,811 336,835Q320,839 312,835Q306,831 308,817Q312,804 342,782Z","M305,383Q339,426 377,478Q416,533 466,569Q484,582 470,599Q448,615 416,628Q391,638 372,626Q284,563 122,557Q109,560 105,551Q102,539 118,528Q154,504 184,503Q208,509 333,560Q351,567 356,559Q360,549 347,526Q262,378 77,213Q61,201 64,197Q67,194 81,199Q174,239 278,352C296,373 296,373 305,383Z","M278,352Q312,283 278,117Q260,72 296,19Q297,16 302,12Q318,-4 330,22Q345,62 344,107Q343,267 348,303Q355,330 346,340Q322,365 305,383C296,394 273,365 278,352Z","M429,370Q478,406 505,420Q518,424 514,432Q510,444 494,457Q479,470 462,471Q452,470 452,456Q455,444 413,377C410,372 424,367 429,370Z","M413,377Q380,395 368,391Q364,388 364,378Q367,369 386,351Q414,326 442,294Q452,284 464,283Q473,283 477,293Q481,303 477,327Q473,346 445,364Q438,368 429,370C418,375 418,375 413,377Z","M658,531Q725,547 792,554Q805,555 809,548Q818,532 815,485Q805,317 775,228Q760,173 742,155Q730,142 705,149Q671,159 640,169Q616,176 633,154Q679,105 705,65Q715,44 737,50Q756,54 781,82Q853,157 870,442Q874,505 898,543Q914,564 905,573Q890,592 856,606Q831,619 805,607Q682,555 531,548Q515,549 514,541Q513,532 532,520Q554,504 577,512Q590,516 605,519C640,527 640,527 658,531Z","M605,519Q629,386 520,228Q517,225 516,222Q485,174 402,90Q395,81 402,79Q409,78 420,84Q483,118 532,171Q619,256 667,435Q677,463 689,492Q696,502 689,512Q682,521 658,531C641,538 601,537 605,519Z"]},"fragmentsSimp":[[0,1,2,3,4],[5,6]],"fragmentsTrad":null,"historicalImages":[{"era":"(~1250-1000 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%88%9D_0.png","type":"Oracle","source":"academia-sinica","description":"前5.39.8(甲)"},{"era":"Early Western Zhou (~1000 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%88%9D_1.png","type":"Bronze","source":"academia-sinica","description":"旂鼎(金)西周早期"},{"era":"Late Western Zhou (~800 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%88%9D_2.png","type":"Bronze","source":"academia-sinica","description":"叔尃父盨(金)西周晚期"},{"era":"Late Spring and Autumn (~500 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%88%9D_3.png","type":"Bronze","source":"academia-sinica","description":"王子午鼎(金)春秋晚期"},{"era":"Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%88%9D_4.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"上(1).孔.16(楚)"},{"era":"Chu (Warring States: 475-221 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%88%9D_5.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"上(1).孔.10(楚)"},{"era":"Shuowen (~100 AD)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%88%9D_6.png","type":"Seal","source":"academia-sinica","description":"說文‧刀部"},{"era":"Qin dynasty (221-206 BC)","url":"https://data.dong-chinese.com/img/sinica/%E5%88%9D_7.png","type":"Clerical","source":"academia-sinica","description":"睡.秦111(隸)秦"}],"historicalPronunciations":[{"gloss":"beginning","pinyin":"chū","source":"baxter-sagart","oldChinese":"*[ts]ʰra ","middleChinese":"tsrhjo"}],"shuowenExplanation":"《說文》：“初，始也。从刀，从衣。裁衣之始也。”","shuowenPronunciation":"楚居切","shuowenPinyin":"chu","pinyinFrequencies":[{"count":405,"pinyin":"chū"}],"pinyin":["chū"]},"componentUses":[],"commonWords":[{"simplified":"初","traditional":"初","pinyin":"chu1","gloss":"beginning","definition":"the initial stage or start of a period of time or a process","perMillion":123.623010902927},{"simplified":"初步","traditional":"初步","pinyin":"chu1 bu4","gloss":"preliminary","definition":"relating to the first stage of a process; initial or tentative","perMillion":55.3849746044158},{"simplified":"当初","traditional":"當初","pinyin":"dang1 chu1","gloss":"originally","definition":"at the beginning or at that time in the past","perMillion":44.172278409443},{"simplified":"初中","traditional":"初中","pinyin":"chu1 zhong1","gloss":"junior high school","definition":"junior high school; middle school (abbreviation for [[初级中学|初級中學|chu1 ji2 zhong1 xue2]])","perMillion":30.7384365070621},{"simplified":"最初","traditional":"最初","pinyin":"zui4 chu1","gloss":"at first","definition":"initially or in the early stages of a period or situation","perMillion":28.3755878645185},{"simplified":"年初","traditional":"年初","pinyin":"nian2 chu1","gloss":"early year","definition":"beginning of the year","perMillion":23.7427304334856},{"simplified":"初期","traditional":"初期","pinyin":"chu1 qi1","gloss":"early stage","definition":"the initial stage or beginning period of a process, era, or project","perMillion":21.8156130052791},{"simplified":"初一","traditional":"初一","pinyin":"chu1 yi1","gloss":"lunar first","definition":"the first day of a lunar month, especially referring to the first day of the lunar new year","perMillion":9.28053312252418},{"simplified":"初恋","traditional":"初戀","pinyin":"chu1 lian4","gloss":"first love","definition":"first love","perMillion":8.83529485219414},{"simplified":"初级","traditional":"初級","pinyin":"chu1 ji2","gloss":"junior","definition":"relating to a lower rank, level of skill, or grade","perMillion":8.74346412698828},{"simplified":"初三","traditional":"初三","pinyin":"chu1 san1","gloss":"grade nine","definition":"the third year of junior high school","perMillion":8.35845491529528},{"simplified":"起初","traditional":"起初","pinyin":"qi3 chu1","gloss":"originally","definition":"originally; at first; at the outset","perMillion":7.29207128274289},{"simplified":"初衷","traditional":"初衷","pinyin":"chu1 zhong1","gloss":"intention","definition":"original intention","perMillion":7.01928782140267},{"simplified":"初始","traditional":"初始","pinyin":"chu1 shi3","gloss":"initial","definition":"relating to the beginning or earliest stage of a process, state, or setting","perMillion":6.657063676866},{"simplified":"初次","traditional":"初次","pinyin":"chu1 ci4","gloss":"first","definition":"for the first time; initial","perMillion":6.5706503802148},{"simplified":"初二","traditional":"初二","pinyin":"chu1 er4","gloss":"eighth grade","definition":"second year in junior middle school","perMillion":6.30684285442102},{"simplified":"初冬","traditional":"初冬","pinyin":"chu1 dong1","gloss":"early winter","definition":"early winter","perMillion":2.44081712409489},{"simplified":"初选","traditional":"初選","pinyin":"chu1 xuan3","gloss":"primary","definition":"primary election","perMillion":2.27845360358923},{"simplified":"月初","traditional":"月初","pinyin":"yue4 chu1","gloss":"early month","definition":"the beginning or early part of a calendar month","perMillion":1.97433403590346},{"simplified":"初审","traditional":"初審","pinyin":"chu1 shen3","gloss":"preliminary hearing","definition":"preliminary hearing or trial","perMillion":1.80129499442245},{"simplified":"初具规模","traditional":"初具規模","pinyin":"chu1 ju4 gui1 mo2","gloss":"take shape","definition":"to have begun to take shape (of a project, organization, etc.)","perMillion":1.77532320458691},{"simplified":"初赛","traditional":"初賽","pinyin":"chu1 sai4","gloss":"preliminaries","definition":"the preliminary round or initial heats of a competition","perMillion":1.58842191945134},{"simplified":"初夏","traditional":"初夏","pinyin":"chu1 xia4","gloss":"early summer","definition":"early summer","perMillion":1.55448332291778},{"simplified":"初稿","traditional":"初稿","pinyin":"chu1 gao3","gloss":"first draft","definition":"first draft (of writing)","perMillion":1.49218289453926},{"simplified":"如初","traditional":"如初","pinyin":"ru2 chu1","gloss":"as before","definition":"remaining in or returning to the original state; just as it was at the beginning","perMillion":1.47205342961559},{"simplified":"初试","traditional":"初試","pinyin":"chu1 shi4","gloss":"preliminary exam","definition":"a preliminary or qualifying examination, often the first stage of a multi-part assessment","perMillion":1.40210486680697},{"simplified":"初年","traditional":"初年","pinyin":"chu1 nian2","gloss":"early years","definition":"early years","perMillion":1.35111730393964},{"simplified":"初学者","traditional":"初學者","pinyin":"chu1 xue2 zhe3","gloss":"beginner","definition":"beginning student","perMillion":1.28037206046121},{"simplified":"初生","traditional":"初生","pinyin":"chu1 sheng1","gloss":"newborn","definition":"newly born or recently come into existence; nascent","perMillion":1.25402848631309},{"simplified":"初创","traditional":"初創","pinyin":"chu1 chuang4","gloss":"startup","definition":"startup (company, phase etc); newly established","perMillion":1.00424254030782},{"simplified":"初始化","traditional":"初始化","pinyin":"chu1 shi3 hua4","gloss":"initialize","definition":"to set to its starting state or default values, particularly in a computing context","perMillion":0.95},{"simplified":"初学","traditional":"初學","pinyin":"chu1 xue2","gloss":"beginner","definition":"the state of starting to learn something; a beginner.","perMillion":0.902639198885732},{"simplified":"初秋","traditional":"初秋","pinyin":"chu1 qiu1","gloss":"early autumn","definition":"the beginning period of the autumn season","perMillion":0.890104756347513},{"simplified":"初等","traditional":"初等","pinyin":"chu1 deng3","gloss":"elementary","definition":"elementary; primary","perMillion":0.824883165513051},{"simplified":"张静初","traditional":"張靜初","pinyin":"Zhang1 Jing4 chu1","gloss":"Zhang Jingchu","definition":"Zhang Jingchu (1980-), PRC actress","perMillion":0.705859073444624},{"simplified":"初犯","traditional":"初犯","pinyin":"chu1 fan4","gloss":"first offender","definition":"a person who commits a crime or offense for the first time","perMillion":0.69},{"simplified":"初出茅庐","traditional":"初出茅廬","pinyin":"chu1 chu1 mao2 lu2","gloss":"venturing out","definition":"starting one's career or leaving home for the first time to face the world","perMillion":0.652747028791153},{"simplified":"初来乍到","traditional":"初來乍到","pinyin":"chu1 lai2 zha4 dao4","gloss":"newcomer","definition":"to have just arrived at a new place; to be a newcomer or newly arrived","perMillion":0.589809255876791},{"simplified":"初中生","traditional":"初中生","pinyin":"chu1 zhong1 sheng1","gloss":"junior high student","definition":"junior high school student","perMillion":0.54},{"simplified":"华灯初上","traditional":"華燈初上","pinyin":"hua2 deng1 chu1 shang4","gloss":"early evening","definition":"early evening when the lights are first lit","perMillion":0.532554471740349},{"simplified":"初战","traditional":"初戰","pinyin":"chu1 zhan4","gloss":"first battle","definition":"the first battle or initial engagement of a war or military campaign","perMillion":0.494420023679157},{"simplified":"明末清初","traditional":"明末清初","pinyin":"Ming2 mo4 Qing1 chu1","gloss":"Ming-Qing transition","definition":"the historical period spanning the end of the Ming dynasty and the beginning of the Qing dynasty, approximately the mid-17th century","perMillion":0.488683922856583},{"simplified":"初夜","traditional":"初夜","pinyin":"chu1 ye4","gloss":"early evening","definition":"the initial period of the night","perMillion":0.48130134864975},{"simplified":"如梦初醒","traditional":"如夢初醒","pinyin":"ru2 meng4 chu1 xing3","gloss":"as if awakening from a dream","definition":"describing someone who has suddenly realized the truth or become aware of a situation, as if waking up from a dream.","perMillion":0.471900516746086},{"simplified":"初级中学","traditional":"初級中學","pinyin":"chu1 ji2 zhong1 xue2","gloss":"junior high school","definition":"a school for students in the intermediate grades between elementary school and senior high school, typically grades 7-9","perMillion":0.428985984666082},{"simplified":"情窦初开","traditional":"情竇初開","pinyin":"qing2 dou4 chu1 kai1","gloss":"awakening love","definition":"the first awakening of romantic feelings (usually of a young girl)","perMillion":0.425268141540339},{"simplified":"初潮","traditional":"初潮","pinyin":"chu1 chao2","gloss":"menarche","definition":"menarche; the first occurrence of menstruation","perMillion":0.412361914689545},{"simplified":"清末民初","traditional":"清末民初","pinyin":"Qing1 mo4 Min2 chu1","gloss":"Qing-Republic transition","definition":"the late Qing dynasty and the early Republic of China era, around 1911","perMillion":0.402270626205386},{"simplified":"原初","traditional":"原初","pinyin":"yuan2 chu1","gloss":"initially","definition":"at the very beginning or in the earliest stage of a process or timeline","perMillion":0.357390948473203},{"simplified":"太初","traditional":"太初","pinyin":"tai4 chu1","gloss":"absolute beginning","definition":"the absolute beginning","perMillion":0.305659816980723}],"deletedComponentGlyphs":null,"wordData":{"simplified":"初","traditional":"初","senses":[{"id":421880,"simplified":"初","traditional":"初","pinyin":"chu1","gloss":"beginning","definition":"the initial stage or start of a period of time or a process","example":"这本小说描写了二十世纪初的社会变革。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["f","d"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":11,"sentenceCount":11,"exampleSentenceHtml":"这本小说描写了二十世纪初的社会变革。"},{"id":421881,"simplified":"初","traditional":"初","pinyin":"chu1","gloss":"first","definition":"an ordinal prefix used primarily for the first ten days of a lunar month","example":"每年正月初一，家里人都会聚在一起吃团圆饭。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["t","f"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":2,"sentenceCount":2,"exampleSentenceHtml":"每年正月初一，家里人都会聚在一起吃团圆饭。"},{"id":421882,"simplified":"初","traditional":"初","pinyin":"chu1","gloss":"junior","definition":"pertaining to a basic or elementary level of education, skill, or ranking","example":"这套教材的内容按照由初到深的顺序排列。","variantPinyin":[],"posTags":["f"],"source":"cedict","occurrences":1,"sentenceCount":1,"exampleSentenceHtml":"这套教材的内容按照由初到深的顺序排列。"}],"references":[],"frequency":{"subtlexPerMillion":25.73,"subtlexContextDiversityPct":8,"bccPerMillion":123.6230109029269,"hsk3Level":3}}}