labor force; workforce; manpower

worker; laborer; someone who works to earn a living, especially a manual laborer

a political party representing the interests of workers; labor party

General term for laws and regulations governing labor relations and associated matters (e.g., contracts, wages, insurance)

Work or effort primarily carried out using bodily strength, as opposed to [[脑力劳动|腦力勞動|nao3 li4 lao2 dong4]].

Labor Day (May 1); short for [[五一国际劳动节|五一國際勞動節|wu3 yi1 guo2 ji4 lao2 dong4 jie2]]; also called [[五一劳动节|五一勞動節|wu3 yi1 lao2 dong4 jie2]] or [[国际劳动节|國際勞動節|guo2 ji4 lao2 dong4 jie2]]

A system of administrative detention in China used for individuals with minor offenses that do not warrant criminal punishment.

Work or labor performed voluntarily without pay or compensation

workday; working day

the Russian newspaper "Trud", which means labor

the agreed-upon terms between employees and employers regarding work hours, wages, time off, safety, and healthcare

labor or work services provided within an economic or professional context

A system of reeducation and penal reform involving physical labor for criminals in a prison camp setting; commonly abbreviated as [[劳改|勞改|lao2 gai3]].

General labor that can be performed by a worker without specialized skills, knowledge, or training.

labor performed for a wage or salary; work done for hire

The labor performed by a worker in production that goes beyond what is required to support themselves and their family, contrasted with [[必要劳动|必要勞動|bi4 yao4 lao2 dong4]].

Work that requires specialized training and a higher level of technical skill, often contrasted with [[简单劳动|簡單勞動|jian3 dan1 lao2 dong4]].

International Workers' Day, celebrated on May 1st to honor the labor movement and the working classes.

The legal right of a citizen to participate in work and receive payment for it; considered a fundamental right in many systems.

a worker who has limited physical strength and can only perform light manual labor, or one who works part-time; often used in an agricultural context

mental labor or intellectual work, as opposed to physical work

An honorary title awarded to workers with outstanding achievements and contributions; also refers to the individual who holds this title.

wage laborer; wage earner

A type of strong, dense twill fabric made from thick cotton yarn, often used to make work clothes.

An economic theory which proposes that the value of a commodity is determined by the amount of labor required to produce it.

the official newspaper of the North Korean Workers' Party Central Committee; literally "Workers' News"

working people; the laboring masses, especially in the context of socialist theory or Chinese history

In economics, a specific form of labor defined by its purpose, tools, and methods, which creates a specific useful value; contrasted with [[抽象劳动|抽象勞動|chou1 xiang4 lao2 dong4]].

A person who has the full physical labor capacity of an adult, typically used in the context of agricultural work; an able-bodied farm worker.

The efficiency of labor during production, usually calculated by the amount of goods produced in a specific period of time.

the branch of economics that studies the relationship between people and their working environments to maximize efficiency and human potential

May Day; a holiday celebrated on May 1st to honor the achievements of workers and the labor movement

the physical or mental capacity to perform labor or work

labor camp; prison camp with hard labor

The physical materials used to influence or transform an object of labor, such as tools, machinery, buildings, and land; also known as instruments of labor.

Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (Japan)

International Labor Day; May Day. Celebrated on May 1st to honor workers and the labor movement.

forced labor; labor performed under threat of punishment, especially in a criminal or legal context

the labor required for a worker to maintain their own and their family's livelihood, distinguished from [[剩余劳动|剩餘勞動|sheng4 yu2 lao2 dong4]]

(In Marxist economics) general human labor considered without regard to the specific form it takes, representing the expenditure of human brainpower and physical energy that creates the value of a commodity. It is often contrasted with [[具体劳动|具體勞動|ju4 ti3 lao2 dong4]].

labor or work for which a person is paid; remunerated work

The ruling party of the Democratic People's Republic of Korea

The Workers' Party of Korea (WPK), which is the ruling party of North Korea

labor spent during the production process; refers to the physical and mental energy expended by workers as a primary factor of production in economic production

Human labor that has been embedded into physical products during the production process, or the material means of production consumed during that represent previously performed labor (dead labor)

A social security system providing financial support or compensation to workers for injury, illness, old age, or disability.

mental worker; knowledge worker; white-collar worker

Working in a way that is legal, socially beneficial, and involves genuine physical or mental effort; often used in the context of earning a living through legitimate means

labor or work that produces material goods or creates value