- 古 adjectiveancientancient; old; from the distant past; referring to former times as opposed to the present
- 为 為 verbprepositionto beto be; to become; to act as; to serve as; to take as
- modernmodern; contemporary (as opposed to ancient 古 )
- 用 verbto useTo use; to employ; to apply or make use of something to achieve a purpose.