- 垂拱而治 chuígǒng'érzhì to rule by doing nothingOriginally meaning to rule with hands folded and sleeves hanging down; describes an emperor who rules through non-action or by delegating so effectively that the country remains in order effortlessly
- 鸣琴垂拱 míngqínchuígǒng ruling by doing nothingDescribes a leader who rules through virtue, ceremony, and music rather than active interference; to govern by non-interference and moral influence.