Japanese pirates (in 16th and 17th century)

bandits or rebel groups that roam from place to place without a permanent base

Kou Zhun (961-1023), Northern Song dynasty politician and poet

minister of criminal justice (official rank in imperial China)

(idiom) to take to the woods to become an outlaw

bandits, insurgents, or rebellious groups who pillage and plunder.

to rob and steal

The notion that success brings legitimacy and honor while failure results in being branded a criminal or loser, regardless of the morality of one's actions.

to regard as a bitter enemy

the winners of a struggle attain status and honor while the losers are vilified; the notion that history is written by the victors

erroneous variant of [[豆蔻年华|豆蔻年華|dou4 kou4 nian2 hua2]] (girlhood; budding youth)