The branch of mathematics that uses probability theory to analyze data from observations or experiments to make judgments and study methods for data collection.

A branch of mathematics that uses symbols and mathematical methods to study logic; also called [[符号逻辑|符號邏輯|fu2 hao4 luo2 ji5]].

mathematical analysis, often including or referring to calculus in broader contexts

The collective subjects of mathematics, physics, and chemistry; an abbreviation for [[数学|數學|shu4 xue2]], [[物理|物理|wu4 li3]], and [[化学|化學|hua4 xue2]].

The study of linguistics using mathematical methods, such as statistics and probability, to analyze speech frequency, meaning, and translation models