corruption and degeneracy; to use one's position for illegal gain and live a life of luxury and dissipation

to emerge from the filth without being stained; keeping one's integrity and moral purity despite living in a corrupt environment

to contain dirt or collect filth; to be a trap for grime

pollution caused by primary pollutants undergoing physical, chemical, or biological changes to form new harmful substances; also known as [[次生污染|次生汙染|ci4 sheng1 wu1 ran3]] or [[二次公害|二次公害|er4 ci4 gong1 hai4]]

environmental contamination caused by excessive or misdirected artificial light

environmental pollution consisting of excessive, misdirected, or obtrusive artificial light

Environmental degradation where soil quality deteriorates due to the presence of waste, fertilizers, heavy metals, or wastewater; often results in the loss of land's agricultural productivity and fertility

Nuclear or radioactive contamination of the environment, people, or animals caused by nuclear weapon tests, radiation leaks from power plants, or nuclear waste.

Pollution caused by new harmful substances that are created when pollutants released from a source undergo chemical or biological changes in the environment; also called [[二次污染|二次汙染|er4 ci4 wu1 ran3]]

the contamination of water bodies such as lakes, rivers, oceans, and groundwater by chemical, physical, or biological substances

(literary) an ancient drinking vessel made by hollowing out a depression in the ground

to hide filth and conceal impurities; a metaphor for harboring villains or tolerating evil deeds