xiàn​kuàng

current situation

xiàn appear Simplified

Simplified form of . Etymologically related to (to see). Originally these two characters were written the same, then the 𤣩 component was added to distinguish them.

Components

𤣩
jade

Distinguishes from .

SoundMeaning component
jiàn, xiàn, jian see

Sources

Character origin
Wiktionary
Readings & variants
Unicode

kuàng situation Simplified

Original meaning: cold water

Simplified form of . Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

Components

Meaning component
bīng ice

is a component form of .

Change in meaning
hints at the original meaning of , "cold water", which is no longer the most common meaning of in modern Mandarin.
Sound component
xiōng, xiong elder brother
Change in sound

Historical Pronunciations

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode

xiàn appear Traditional

Etymologically related to (to see). Originally these two characters were written the same, then the 𤣩 component was added to distinguish them.

Components

𤣩
jade

Distinguishes from .

SoundMeaning component
jiàn, xiàn, jian see

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-SagarthenHN-[k]ˤen-s appear

Sources

Character origin
Wiktionary
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart

kuàng situation Traditional

Original meaning: cold water

Phonosemantic compound. represents the meaning and represents the sound.

Components

Meaning component
shui, shuǐ water

is a component form of .

Change in meaning
hints at the original meaning of , "cold water", which is no longer the most common meaning of in modern Mandarin.
Sound component
xiōng, xiong elder brother
Change in sound

Character Evolution

Oracle form
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Seal form
Seal Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Three Kingdoms (Cao Wei) 222-280 AD
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-SagartxjwangH[m̥]aŋ-s compare with, be equal to
xjwangH[m̥]aŋ-s how much the more

說文解字

《說文》:“況,寒水也。从水,兄聲。”

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica