Written language based on spoken Chinese, as opposed to [[文言文|文言文|wen2 yan2 wen2]].

simple, easy-to-understand language or colloquial speech

A style of poetry written in the vernacular that emerged during the May Fourth Movement; it is characterized by being free in form and not following traditional rules of rhyme or tone.

To make empty promises or claims without taking any real action; to speak without intention of following through.

To make empty promises or engage in talk without substance; to speak without taking action

A literary and educational reform movement (1917–1919) that promoted the use of written Chinese based on spoken language rather than the traditional classical style. Initiated by [[胡适|胡適|hu2 shi4]], it aimed to make literature and education more accessible to the general public.

(dialect) an articulate or eloquent talker; an accomplished flatterer

General term for literary works written in the spoken language rather than classical Chinese; specifically refers to the movement popularized during the May Fourth Movement.

Fiction written in vernacular Chinese rather than classical literary style.