social system based on public ownership of the means of production, often regarded as the first stage of [[共产主义|共產主義|gong4 chan3 zhu3 yi4]]

The process by which an individual learns the values, norms, and behaviors of a society in order to function within it

The study of various social phenomena, including economics, political science, sociology, and law. Often abbreviated as [[社科|社科|she4 ke1]].

criminal underworld; organized crime syndicate or mafia

The scientific study of human society, including social institutions, social interaction, and social change.

the social order of pre-1949 China (specifically before the founding of the PRC) or, more generally, the social system of the feudal era

The premier academic organization in mainland China for study in the social sciences and humanities; often abbreviated as [[社科院|社科院|she4 ke1 yuan4]] or CASS.

General social conduct or the prevailing atmosphere of a society, including its customs, habits, and common behaviors. behaviors.

A person's standing, rank, or position within a society.

social system; the established structure of a society including its political, legal, economic, and cultural frameworks

Services provided to solve or prevent social problems, improve living conditions for disadvantaged groups, or promote social development.

a political party that advocates for socialism

A type of social organization characterized by the presence of landlords and peasants; a society dominated by feudalism.

The qualities, characteristics, or organizational traits of a society; the innate human instinct for gregariousness

A professional service aimed at helping individuals, groups, or communities improve their well-being and adapt to their social environment.

The various facts and external forms that manifest in human society, including areas such as economics, politics, and customs

Academy of Social Sciences; a research institute for social sciences

A government-run insurance system providing financial support or compensation to workers who are disabled, unemployed, or retired; often abbreviated to [[社保|社保|she4 bao3]].

public figure; celebrity; socialite of society

Various social activities that serve an educational purpose for the public

A society characterized by industrialization and the resulting cultural and social changes.

The earliest stage of human social development, characterized by collective labor, communal ownership of resources, and the absence of classes or exploitation.

Social Democratic Party; an umbrella term for various political parties worldwide that follow social democratic socialism

a person who advocates or practices socialism

A society in which the primary mode of production and livelihood is based on farming and agriculture.

The collective interactions and connections formed between people through shared activities, including economic, political, and legal ties.

slave-owning society; in Marxist theory, the historical period following primitive society and preceding [[封建社会|封建社會|feng1 jian4 she4 hui4]] where the economy is based on the ownership of slaves and production tools by slave owners

general activities occurring within a society or community, such as a social movement

A government agency responsible for social welfare, social administration, and public housing at the city or county level.

social awareness or consciousness; the collective feelings, knowledge, and ideologies of a society, such as political, legal, and moral beliefs, that reflect and influence its existence

The specific form of a society at a given stage of history, determined by the relationship between its economic base and its political or cultural structure. Examples include primitive, slave, feudal, capitalist, and socialist societies.

civil society, especially in a legal or sociological context

An industrial and commercial society; refers broadly to the social structure of modern developed countries where industry and trade are the primary economic drivers.

a social insurance system in mainland China where rural workers contribute to a pension fund for their old age

A society in which the material needs of most citizens are adequately met; a key developmental goal of the Chinese Communist Party

the executive agency of the State Council of the People's Republic of China responsible for national labor policies, standards, and social security management

The collective body of citizens and non-governmental organizations that operate independently from the state.

Great Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, official name of Libya from 1977 to 2011

The group of all the countries of the world and the people who live in them.

a society in which the acquisition and transmission of information through technology is central to social and economic activity

A socialist theory based on human reason and justice rather than class struggle; first appearing in the 16th century, it is associated with thinkers like Thomas More, Robert Owen, and Saint-Simon

The lowest social stratum, consisting of people living in poverty or with low social status

The organizational structure, arrangement, or pattern of social groups within a society

public welfare services or programs provided for the benefit of the community, such as education, health, and social security

system of social security provided by the state to guarantee the basic livelihood of citizens through legislation and administrative measures; includes social insurance, social relief, and welfare services

a national system that rewards or penalizes individuals and businesses based on their social and economic behavior

An economic system where the state controls industry and production to harmonize relations between labor and capital, historically associated with Bismarck in Germany; etatism