- 社会主义者 shèhuìzhǔyìzhě socialista person who advocates or practices socialism
- 俄罗斯苏维埃联邦社会主义共和国 éluósīsūwéi'āiliánbāngshèhuìzhǔyìgònghéguó Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republicthe largest and most populous constituent republic of the Soviet Union from 1917 to 1991
- 南斯拉夫社会主义联邦共和国 nánsīlāfūshèhuìzhǔyìliánbānggònghéguó Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslaviathe formal name of the Yugoslav state that existed from the end of World War II until its breakup in 1992
- 国家社会主义 guójiāshèhuìzhǔyì state socialismAn economic system where the state controls industry and production to harmonize relations between labor and capital, historically associated with Bismarck in Germany; etatism
- 大利比亚阿拉伯人民社会主义群众国 dàlìbǐyà'ālābórénmínshèhuìzhǔyìqúnzhòngguó LibyaGreat Socialist People's Libyan Arab Jamahiriya, official name of Libya from 1977 to 2011
- 斯里兰卡民主社会主义共和国 sīlǐlánkǎmínzhǔshèhuìzhǔyìgònghéguó Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lankaofficial name of the island country in South Asia
- 民族社会主义 mínzúshèhuìzhǔyì national socialismnational socialism; Nazism
- 社会主义教育运动 shèhuìzhǔyìjiàoyùyùndòng Socialist Education MovementA political campaign in China from 1963 to 1966; it was the formal name for the [[四清运动|四清運動|si4 qing1 yun4 dong4]]
- 社会主义民主 shèhuìzhǔyìmínzhǔ socialist democracya system of democracy based on the principles of socialism
- 社会主义荣辱观 shèhuìzhǔyìróngrǔguān Socialist Concept of Honor and Disgracethe socialist concept of honor and shame, a moral code introduced in 2006 consisting of eight virtues and eight vices
- 社会主义革命 shèhuìzhǔyìgémìng socialist revolution
- 科学社会主义 kēxuéshèhuìzhǔyì scientific socialismA core branch of Marxism based on the materialist conception of history and the theory of surplus value, concerning the theory and practice of class struggle and proletarian revolution
- 空想社会主义 kōngxiǎngshèhuìzhǔyì utopian socialismA set of early socialist theories based on human ideals and justice rather than class struggle, such as those of Robert Owen and Saint-Simon; often contrasted with [[科学社会主义|科學社會主義|ke1 xue2 she4 hui4 zhu3 yi4]].
- 苏维埃社会主义共和国联盟 sūwéi'āishèhuìzhǔyìgònghéguóliánméng USSRUnion of Soviet Socialist Republics (1922-1991)
- 苏维埃社会主义共和国联邦 sūwéi'āishèhuìzhǔyìgònghéguóliánbāng Soviet UnionUnion of Soviet Socialist Republics; the USSR
- 中国特色社会主义 zhōngguótèsèshèhuìzhǔyì socialism with Chinese characteristicsThe ideological model of the Chinese Communist Party which adapts Marxist theory to the historical and social conditions of China, particularly regarding the economic reforms and opening-up policy.
- 越南社会主义共和国 yuènánshèhuìzhǔyìgònghéguó Socialist Republic of VietnamOfficial name of Vietnam, a country in Southeast Asia on the eastern Indochinese Peninsula; abbreviated as [[越南|越南|yue4 nan2]]
- 乌托邦社会主义 wūtuōbāngshèhuìzhǔyì utopian socialismA socialist theory based on human reason and justice rather than class struggle; first appearing in the 16th century, it is associated with thinkers like Thomas More, Robert Owen, and Saint-Simon