- 黑色素 hēisèsù melanina dark biological pigment occurring in the skin, hair, and eyes of humans and animals
- 血色素 xuèsèsù hemoglobinthe iron-containing oxygen-transport protein in red blood cells, often measured in clinical blood tests
- 花色素 huāsèsù anthocyanidinanthocyanidin (biochemistry)
- 胆色素 dǎnsèsù bilirubin
- 细胞色素 xìbāosèsù cytochrome
- 花色素苷 huāsèsùgān anthocyaninanthocyanin (biochemistry)
- 色素体 sèsùtǐ plastidplastid (organelle in plant cells)
- 血色素沉积症 xuèsèsùchénjīzhèng hemochromatosis