Trade or commerce between different countries or regions, including goods, services, and securities; also called [[世界贸易|世界貿易|shi4 jie4 mao4 yi4]].

International trade organization established in 1995 to replace the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT), headquartered in Geneva; often abbreviated as [[世贸组织|世貿組織|shi4 mao4 zu3 zhi1]]

total value or volume of trade; turnover; often calculated in US dollars in international contexts

A geographic region where commercial transactions occur, including the area from which a business draws its customers

trade deficit; an unfavorable balance of trade where a country's imports exceed its exports over a certain period

trading company or firm

merchant or company that specializes in buying and selling goods; importer or exporter

The business of trading goods from one's own country to a foreign country; export business.

domestic or internal trade; commerce within a country

a statutory body established in 1966 to promote, assist and develop Hong Kong's trade

A method of international trade where a buyer imports equipment or technology on credit and pays for it with the products produced or other goods and services.

State Economic and Trade Commission of the People's Republic of China, a ministerial-level agency that previously oversaw economic and industrial policies

Winds blowing toward the equator that are consistent throughout the year; so named because early merchants relied on their predictable nature for maritime trade. Also known as [[信风|信風|xin4 feng1]].

to join the World Trade Organization; accession to the WTO

trade involving the import of raw materials or components for assembly or processing and subsequent export of the finished product

trade or commercial transactions between two countries or regions

State Bureau of Military Products Trade (SBMPT)

State Administration Committee on Military Products Trade (SACMPT)

trade activities or commercial transactions conducted between three or more countries or regions

foreign economic relations and trade; the exchange of goods, services, and capital between a country and international partners

A public research university specializing in economics, finance, and international business located in Beijing

former central government ministry of the People's Republic of China responsible for foreign trade and economic cooperation

Business activities and trade conducted between one country or region and another.

the sectors of industrial production and commercial trading collectively

International trade involving services and items that do not pass through customs, such as labor, patent rights, or tourism.

trade in services, involving the exchange of intangible products like tourism, transport, and professional consulting between countries or regions

Trading or shipping conducted along a coast between ports within the same country; cabotage

The transport of goods or passengers between ports within the same country; also known as cabotage

Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora

economic and commercial exchange between regions or countries

Policy or practice of trading between nations without tariffs or restrictions

A special area designated by a country where goods can be traded freely without traditional tariffs or customs barriers; free trade area

a port where goods can be imported, stored, and exported without paying customs duties or taxes, often involving broader economic freedoms than a standard free port

trade center; trading center; shopping mall

A country, region, or business that engages in regular trade with another party.

the degree to which a country's economy relies on international trade, calculated as the ratio of total imports and exports to the gross national product

Standard import and export trade where goods are bought or sold without additional processing or manufacturing occurring under custom-bond

An economic policy that limits imports from other countries through methods such as high tariffs or quotas to protect domestic industries from foreign competition; also abbreviated as [[保护主义|保護主義|bao3 hu4 zhu3 yi4]].

trading relationship between people, companies, or countries

A written agreement reached after trade negotiations between two or more countries.

measures taken by a country to restrict or prevent the entry of foreign goods, such as tariff barriers [[关税壁垒|關稅壁壘|guan1 shui4 bi4 lei3]] or non-tariff barriers [[非关税壁垒|非關稅壁壘|fei1 guan1 shui4 bi4 lei3]]

person, company, or country that someone does business with

The difference in value between a country's total imports and its total exports over a specific period

a conflict in which countries try to damage each other's trade, typically by the imposition of tariffs or quota restrictions

The income and expenses resulting from the import and export of goods; accounts of trade.

an organization that deals with trade or commercial activities

The removal of government restrictions and controls on international trade to allow for free competition and market development.