逆转录病毒
nì​zhuǎn​lù​bìng​dú

retrovirus

逆 nì disobey

Originally written as 屰, a pictograph of an upside-down person. The 辶 (walk) component was added later, representing a person walking in the wrong direction.

Components

屰
屰 SoundMeaning component
nì, pò, jí disobedient
辶
辶 Meaning component
chuò walk

辶 is a component form of 辵.

Character Evolution

Oracle form
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Oracle form
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Oracle form
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Early Western Zhou ~1000 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Mid Western Zhou ~900 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Late Western Zhou ~800 BC
Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal form
Seal Qin 221-206 BC
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Qin 221-206 BC
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-Sagartngjaekŋrak go against

說文解字

《說文》：“逆，迎也。从辵，屰聲。關東曰逆，關西曰迎。”

Sources

Character origin
季旭昇《說文新證》p.147-148漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica
Etymology
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)

转 zhuǎn, zhuàn turn Simplified

Simplified form of 轉. Phonosemantic compound. 车 represents the meaning and 專 represents the sound.

Components

车
车 Meaning component
chē cart, vehicle
专
专 SoundMeaning component
zhuān monopolize

Component uses

Sound (0 of 1 verified)

啭

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode

录 lù copy Simplified

Simplified form of 錄. Phonosemantic compound. 金 represents the meaning and 彔 represents the sound. The traditional component 金 was removed for simplification.

Components

金
金 Deleted component
jīn metal

The traditional component 金 was removed for simplification.

彔
彔 SoundSimplified component
lù to carve wood

Character Evolution

Oracle form
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Oracle form
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Oracle form
Oracle Bone ~1250-1000 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Late Shang ~1100 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Western Zhou 1045-771 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Early Western Zhou ~1000 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Mid Western Zhou ~900 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Mid Western Zhou ~900 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Mid Western Zhou ~900 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Late Western Zhou ~800 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Late Western Zhou ~800 BC
Bronze form
Bronze Late Western Zhou ~800 BC
Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Regular Modern

Component uses

Sound (2 of 8 verified)

绿剥禄碌氯渌逯録

說文解字

《說文》：“彔，刻木彔彔也。象形。”

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical images
Academia Sinica
Etymology
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)

病 bìng illness

Phonosemantic compound. 疒 represents the meaning and 丙 represents the sound.

Components

疒
疒 Meaning component
nè sick
丙
丙 Sound component
bǐng third

Character Evolution

Seal form
Seal Warring States (Chu) 475-221 BC
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Qin 221-206 BC
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-SagartbjaengH[b]raŋ-s extreme illness

說文解字

《說文》：“病，疾加也。从疒，丙聲。”

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica
Etymology
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)

毒 dú poison

Depicts a plant (屮) that is not good (毐), i.e. a poisonous plant.

Components

屮
屮 Meaning component
chè, cǎo sprout
毐
毐 Meaning component
aǐ, ǎi person of reprehensible morals

Character Evolution

Seal form
Seal Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Qin 221-206 BC
Clerical form
Clerical Qin 221-206 BC
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Regular Modern

Component uses

Sound (0 of 1 verified)

碡

Meaning (0 of 1 verified)

纛

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-Sagartdowk[d]ˤuk poison (n.)
dowkm-[d]ˤuk-s to poison (v.)

說文解字

《說文》：“毒，厚也，害人之艸，往往而生。从屮，从毐。，古文毒，从刀、葍。”

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica
Etymology
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)

轉 zhuǎn, zhuàn turn Traditional

Phonosemantic compound. 車 represents the meaning and 專 represents the sound.

Components

車
車 Meaning component
chē cart, vehicle
專
專 SoundMeaning component
zhuān monopolize

Character Evolution

Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Qin 221-206 BC
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Regular Modern

Component uses

Sound (0 of 1 verified)

囀

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-SagarttrjwenXmə-tronʔ turn around, transfer
trjwenXtronʔ 輾轉 toss and turn ((Ode 1.2, 145.3)

說文解字

《說文》：“轉，運也。从車，專聲。”

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica
Etymology
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)

錄 lù copy, write down Traditional

Phonosemantic compound. 釒 represents the meaning and 彔 represents the sound.

Components

釒
釒 Meaning component
jīn metal
彔
彔 Sound component
lù to carve wood

Character Evolution

Seal form
Seal Western Han 202 BC-9 AD
Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Clerical form
Clerical Eastern Han 25-220 AD
Regular Modern

Component uses

Meaning (0 of 1 verified)

箓

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-Sagartljowk[r]ok inscribe, record

說文解字

《說文》：“錄，金色也。从金，彔聲。”

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-Sagart
Historical images
Academia Sinica
Etymology
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)