Currency inflation; an economic situation where prices rise and the value of money falls. Often abbreviated as [[通胀|通脹|tong1 zhang4]] in Mainland China or [[通膨|通膨|tong1 peng2]] in Taiwan.

The reduction of the amount of currency in circulation, leading to a decrease in prices and an increase in the purchasing power of money; abbreviated as [[通缩|通縮|tong1 suo1]].

Currency with a stable value that is widely accepted in international trade and finance; often contrasted with [[软通货|軟通貨|ruan3 tong1 huo4]].

A currency that is not freely convertible in international markets, has an unstable exchange rate, and is generally not used for international payments or settlements.

The simultaneous occurrence of high inflation and low economic growth or high unemployment.

a general decline in prices for goods and services, typically associated with a contraction in the supply of money and credit in the economy

extremely rapid or out-of-control inflation in an economy