- 人口过剩 rénkǒuguòshèng overpopulationSituation where the number of people grows faster than available resources, making it difficult to maintain a good quality of life.
- 生产过剩 shēngchǎnguòshèng to overproduceto produce more goods than the market demands, leading to inventory buildup
- 过剩人口 guòshèngrénkǒu surplus populationan excess of people in a given area or population; overspill