锻炼
duàn​liàn HSK4

exercise

锻 duàn forge metal Simplified

Simplified form of 鍛. Phonosemantic compound. 钅 represents the meaning and 段 represents the sound.

Components

钅
钅 Meaning component
jīn metal

钅 is a component form of 金.

段
段 Sound component
duàn section

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode

炼 liàn smelt Simplified

Phonosemantic compound. 火 represents the meaning and 柬 represents the sound. Simplified form of 煉.

Components

火
火 Meaning component
huǒ fire
柬
柬 Sound component
jiǎn letter

Shorthand derived from the cursive form of the traditional 柬 component.

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode

鍛 duàn forge metal Traditional

Phonosemantic compound. 釒 represents the meaning and 段 represents the sound.

Components

釒
釒 Meaning component
jīn metal
段
段 Sound component
duàn section

Character Evolution

Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Old Chinese
Zhengzhangtoːns

說文解字

《說文》：“鍛，小冶也。从金，段聲。”

Sources

Character origin
漢語多功能字庫
Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Zhengzhang Shangfang
Historical images
Academia Sinica
Etymology
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)

鍊 smelt metals Traditional

Phonosemantic compound. 釒 represents the meaning and 柬 represents the sound.

Components

釒
釒 Meaning component
jīn metal

釒 is a component form of 金.

柬
柬 Sound component
jiǎn letter

Character Evolution

Seal form
Seal Shuowen ~100 AD
Regular Modern

Historical Pronunciations

Middle ChineseOld ChineseGloss
Baxter-SagartlenH[r]ˤen-srefine (metal)
Zhengzhangɡ·reːns
Unicodelèn

說文解字

冶金也。从金柬聲。

Sources

Readings & variants
Unicode
Historical pronunciations
Baxter-SagartZhengzhang Shangfang
Historical images
Academia Sinica
Etymology
Shuowen Jiezi (說文解字)