To take precautions against; to prevent or be on the lookout for something undesirable

(bound form) the people of a country; the masses; citizens; the common people

Connects a describing word or phrase to the noun it describes, similar to 的 de but used in formal or literary writing.

mouth of a person or animal; (bound form) oral

Used as an adverb or preposition to indicate a comparative degree, often in the context of severity (e.g., worse than).

to prevent the overflow or erosion of water, as in dykes or flood control