- 无产阶级 wúchǎnjiējí proletariatthe working class; specifically the social class of workers who do not own the means of production and rely on selling their labor to earn a living
- 资产阶级 zīchǎnjiējí bourgeoisiethe capitalist class; the bourgeoisie or propertied class, characterized by the ownership of production tools and the use of hired labor
- 阶级斗争 jiējídòuzhēng class struggleConflict between different social classes, typically between an exploited class and an exploiting class; a central concept in Marxist theory.
- 工人阶级 gōngrénjiējí working classThe social class consisting of people who do not own the tools or resources of production and who earn their living by working for wages.
- 中产阶级 zhōngchǎnjiējí middle classthe social group between the upper and working classes, including professional and business people and their families
- 剥削阶级 bōxuējiējí exploiting classIn Marxist theory, the class of people who own the means of production and profit from the labor of others.
- 统治阶级 tǒngzhìjiējí ruling classThe class of people that holds political power and occupies a dominant position in the politics and economy of a state
- 小资产阶级 xiǎozīchǎnjiējí petty bourgeoisieThe petty bourgeoisie; a social class including small business owners, craftsmen, and farmers who own their own tools or land and work for themselves.
- 阶级性 jiējíxìng class natureThe characteristics or nature of a person or thing as determined by its social class; class character
- 有产阶级 yǒuchǎnjiējí propertied classthe propertied class; the bourgeoisie; specifically refers to business owners, landowners, or entrepreneurs who use capital and property to generate profit
- 白领阶级 báilǐngjiējí white-collar classThe social group composed of office workers, managers, and professionals who do mental or administrative work rather than manual labor; often associated with higher income and status.
- 蓝领阶级 lánlǐngjiējí blue-collar classThe group of workers who perform manual labor in production, maintenance, or service industries; translated from the English 'blue-collar class'.
- 薪水阶级 xīnshuǐjiējí salariatThe group of people who live on a fixed salary or wage; the white-collar working class. Also known as [[受薪阶级|受薪階級|shou4 xin1 jie1 ji2]] or in mainland China as [[工薪阶层|工薪階層|gong1 xin1 jie1 ceng2]].
- 资产阶级右派 zīchǎnjiējíyòupài bourgeois rightistsThe bourgeois rightist faction, specifically referring to those targeted in mainland China during the anti-rightist movement of 1957 to 1958.
- 资产阶级革命 zīchǎnjiējígémìng bourgeois revolutionbourgeois revolution; in Marxist theory, a revolution led by the bourgeoisie against feudalism as a prelude to a socialist revolution
- 阶级式 jiējíshì hierarchicalorganized in or relating to a hierarchy; arranged by rank or level
- 阶级意识 jiējíyìshi class consciousnessAwareness of one's social class and its interests, particularly as defined in Marxism; can also refer to a sense of identity and belonging within a specific social class.
- 阶级成分 jiējíchéngfèn class statussocial composition or class background, especially in Marxist theory and during the Cultural Revolution
- 下层阶级 xiàcéngjiējí underclass; sans-culottethe lower class; specifically the segment of society with low status and difficult living conditions
- 阶级社会 jiējíshèhuì class societyA society organized into different social or economic classes; stratified society
- 买办资产阶级 mǎibànzīchǎnjiējí comprador bourgeoisieThe big bourgeoisie in colonial or semi-colonial countries who collaborate with and serve the interests of foreign imperialist capital; also called [[买办阶级|買辦階級|mai3 ban4 jie1 ji2]]
- 买办阶级 mǎibànjiējí comprador classthe middleman class that facilitates foreign imperialist trade and interests in a colonial or semi-colonial country
- 农民阶级 nóngmínjiējí peasantrythe peasant class, especially as a social or economic group in political theory
- 受薪阶级 shòuxīnjiējí salaried classpeople who live on a fixed salary or wage, often referring to white-collar workers
- 地主阶级 dìzhǔjiējí landlord classthe landlord class; the squirearchy; the social class of landowners in a feudal society
- 官僚资产阶级 guānliáozīchǎnjiējí bureaucratic capitalist classThe monopoly capitalist class in semi-colonial and semi-feudal countries that uses state power to control the economy and maintain ties with foreign imperialists and feudal landlords.
- 无产阶级专政 wúchǎnjiējízhuānzhèng dictatorship of the proletariatThe state power established by the working class after a revolution to suppress opposition and transition from socialism to communism
- 无产阶级文化大革命 wúchǎnjiējíwénhuàdàgémìng Great Proletarian Cultural Revolutionfull name of the movement and period of social upheaval in China from 1966 to 1976
- 民族资产阶级 mínzúzīchǎnjiējí national bourgeoisieThe middle bourgeoisie in colonial, semi-colonial, or newly independent nations who are dedicated to developing national industry and commerce.
- 白领阶级犯罪 báilǐngjiējífànzuì white-collar crimeillegal acts committed by people of high social status and respectability in the course of their occupation
- 知识阶级 zhīshijiējí intellectual classThe social class consisting of people who earn a living through mental labor or professional expertise